1~6 GHz多频复合微波辐射对小鼠焦虑样行为的影响

The effects of 1-6 GHz multifrequency complex microwave radiation on anxiety-like behavior in mice

目的:研究不同功率密度的1~6 GHz多频复合微波辐射对小鼠焦虑样行为的影响,并初步探讨其海马相关神经机制。方法:56只成年雄性BALB/c小鼠随机分为四组:假辐照组(sham)和不同功率密度照射组(分别为1、5、10 mW/cm^(2)),照射组采用多频(1.8、2.6、3.5、4.9、5.8 GHz)复合微波辐射,每天1 h(每个频点12 min),连续照射1周。采用旷场实验及高架十字迷宫实验检测小鼠焦虑样行为;通过HE染色观察小鼠海马组织学变化;通过高分辨液质联用技术检测小鼠海马组织内单胺类神经递质的含量。结果:各组小鼠体表温度及体重均无明显改变。在旷场实验中,与sham组相比,10 mW/cm^(2)组小鼠中央区进入次数显著降低(P<0.05),其余组无明显变化。高架十字迷宫实验中,与sham组相比,10 mW/cm^(2)组小鼠开放臂进入时间百分比显著降低(P<0.05),其余组无明显变化。HE染色结果显示,与sham组相比,各照射组小鼠海马CA3区均有不同程度的损伤,且损伤程度随着功率密度的增加而加重。神经递质检测结果显示,与sham组相比,10 mW/cm^(2)照射组小鼠海马组织内5-羟色胺(5-HT)含量显著下降(P<0.05),其余组无明显变化。结论:功率密度为10 mW/cm^(2)的1~6 GHz多频复合微波辐射照射1周后可导致小鼠发生焦虑样行为,可能与海马组织CA3区结构损伤及5-HT神经递质含量降低有关。

Objective:To investigate the effects of 1-6 GHz multi-frequency complex microwave radiation at different power densities on anxiety-like behavior in mice,and to explore the hippocampus-related neural mechanisms.Methods:56 adult male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into four groups:the sham group and the irradiation group with different power densities(1,5,and 10 mW/cm^(2)).The irradiation group was irradiated with multi-frequency(1.8,2.6,3.5,4.9,and 5.8 GHz) combined microwave radiation for 1 h per day(12 min per frequency) for 1 week.The anxiety-like behavior of the mice was measured in the open-field and elevated plus-maze experiments;the histological changes in the hippocampus were observed by HE staining;and the monoamine neurotransmitter content in the hippocampus was measured by high-resolution liquid-quality coupling technique.Results:The body surface temperature and body weight of mice in each group did not change obviously.In the open field test,the number of entries into the central zone was significantly lower in the 10 mW/cm^(2) group compared to the sham group(P<0.05),but no significant changes were observed in the other groups.In the elevated plus maze,the percentage of entry time into the open arm was significantly lower in the 10 mW/cm^(2) group compared to the sham group,but no significant changes were observed in the other groups.The results of HE staining showed that compared with the sham group,the CA3 area of hippocampus of mice in all irradiated groups had different degrees of damage,and the degree of damage increased with the increase of power density.The results of neurotransmitter detection showed that the content of 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT)in the hippocampus of mice in the 10 mW/cm^(2) irradiated group decreased significantly compared with the sham group(P<0.05),while the rest of the groups showed no significant changes.Conclusion:Multi-frequency complex microwave radiation at a power density of 10 mW/cm^(2) for 1 week resulted in anxiety-like behavior in mice,possibly associated with structural damage to the CA3 region of the hippocampus and reduced 5-HT neurotransmitter content.