使用不同修正时某铀矿矿工氡致肺癌超额相对危险系数估算

Preliminary estimation of lung cancer risk of radon exposure in a uranium mine using different corrections

目的探讨某铀矿矿工氡暴露致肺癌风险的修正因素,估算该铀矿职业氡暴露人群氡致肺癌超额相对危险(ERR)系数。方法采用回顾性队列研究方法,以1958—2018年湖南省某铀矿从事井下作业时间≥1年的男性矿工为研究对象,采用Possion回归模型对不同修正时该矿矿工氡致肺癌ERR系数进行初步估算。结果本队列共包含4851名铀矿工,1958—2018年因肺癌死亡187例,累计随访207251人年。无修正因素的氡致肺癌的ERR系数估计值为0.21%/工作水平月(WLM)(95%置信区间为0.04%/WLM~0.27%/WLM)。在最终选定的Possion回归模型中,氡致肺癌的指数修正因素为自暴露以来时间和暴露率。在该模型中,当自暴露以来时间为45年、暴露率为0.14 WL时,ERR系数估计值为1.73%/WLM(95%置信区间为0.36%/WLM~3.11%/WLM);自暴露以来时间每增加10年时ERR减少约60.00%,暴露率每增加1.00 WL时ERR增加约30.00%。结论该矿铀矿工氡致肺癌的修正因素为自暴露以来时间和暴露率;据此初步估算该铀矿职业氡暴露人群氡致肺癌ERR系数估计值为1.73%/WLM(95%置信区间为0.36%/WLM~3.11%/WLM)。

Objective To explore the correction factors of lung cancer caused by radon exposure in a uranium mine,and estimate the excess relative risk(ERR)coefficient of lung cancer caused by radon in the uranium miners.Methods Male miners who worked in a uranium mine more than one year in Hunan Province from 1958 to 2018 were selected.This study preliminarily estimated the ERR coefficient of lung cancer caused by radon in the miners with different corrections using the Possion regression model.Results This study cohort included 4851 uranium miners,with 187 miners died with lung cancer from 1958 to 2018,and cumulative follow-up of 207251 person-year.The ERR coefficient of lung cancer caused by radon without correction factors was estimated to be 0.21%/WLM(95%CI:0.04%/WLM-0.27%/WLM).In the final model,the exponential correction factors of radon-induced lung cancer were time since exposure and exposure rate.In this model,if time since exposure was 45 years and the average exposure rate was 0.14 WL,the estimated ERR coefficient was 1.73%/WLM(95%CI:0.36%/WLM-3.11%/WLM).The ERR decreases by about 60.00%for every 10 years since exposure,and increases by about 30.00%for every one WL increase exposure rate.Conclusion The correction factors of lung cancer caused by radon in uranium miners in this mine were the time since exposure and exposure rate.It was preliminarily estimated that the ERR coefficient of lung cancer caused by radon in the occupational radon exposed population in this uranium mine was 1.73%/WLM(95%CI:0.36%/WLM-3.11%/WLM).