接种AMF对玉米根系及土壤水分分布的影响

Effect of AMF inoculation on distribution of maize roots and soil moisture

西部露天煤矿区气候干旱,提高矿区植物利用深层土壤水是矿区生态环境恢复的重要步骤,明晰微生物生态修复技术下植物根系及土壤水分分布特征对于矿区生态重建具有重要意义。为了探讨接种丛枝菌根真菌(arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,AMF)对玉米根系形态及土壤水分分布的影响,本研究以饱和粉质黏土作为隔水层,砂土作为土壤层来进行室内土柱试验,共设置了不种玉米不接种AMF(CK)、种植玉米不接种AMF(YM)、种植玉米接种AMF(YF)3个试验处理,并在试验过程中对土壤水分分布和植物生长相关指标进行监测。结果表明:试验前期接菌处理下土壤平均含水率比不接菌处理低14.5%,而试验后期接菌处理比不接菌处理高20.1%,同时还发现97.4%的玉米根系主要分布在0–40 cm的土层中。与不接种AMF处理相比,接种AMF的玉米细根的根长度、根体积和根表面积占比分别增加4.4%、1.2%和2.6%。通过直接对比法和贝叶斯混合模型分析表明,接菌处理下玉米对中层土壤(10–50 cm)水分吸收为47.1%,而不接菌处理对该层土壤水分吸收则为35%。这些结果表明接种AMF能提高植物对土壤中层水的利用比例。研究结果可作为西部露天煤矿区土地复垦与生态恢复提供科学依据和技术支撑。

In the arid climate of open-pit coal mining areas in western China,improving mining plants in using deep soil water is an important step in ecological restoration of mining areas,and clarifying the characteristics of plant root systems and soil moisture distribution by using microbial ecological restoration techniques is important for ecological reconstruction of mining areas.In order to investigate the effect of inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)on maize root morphology and soil moisture distribution,an indoor soil column experiment was conducted by using saturated chalky clay as water barrier and sandy soil as soil layer.Three experimental treatments were set up:blank control without maize planting and AMF inoculation(CK),maize planting without AMF inoculation(YM),and maize planting with AMF inoculation(YF).Soil moisture distribution and plant growth related indexes were monitored during the experimental process.The results showed that under AMF treatment in early stage of the trial the average soil moisture content was 14.5%lower as compared to that under non-AMF treatment,while in the late stage of the trial the average soil moisture content under AMF treatment was 20.1%higher than that under non-AMF treatment.97.4%of the maize roots were mainly distributed in 0–40 cm soil layer.Compared to that of non-AMF inoculated maize,the percentage of root length,root volume and root surface area of fine roots of AMF-inoculated maize increased by 4.4%,1.2%and 2.6%respectively.Analysis based on direct comparison method and Bayesian mixture model showed that water uptake by maize in the middle soil layer(10–50 cm)was 47.1%under the inoculation treatment,while that under non-inoculation treatment was 35%.These results indicate that inoculation with AMF can increase the proportion of water used by plants in the middle layer of the soil.The results can be used as a scientific basis and technical support for land reclamation and ecological restoration in western opencast coal mining areas.