2014—2020年福建省非免疫规划疫苗使用情况监测分析

Monitoring and analysis of use of non-national immunization program vaccines in Fujian Province from 2014 to 2020

目的 对2014—2020年福建省非免疫规划(non-national immunization program,nNIP)疫苗的使用情况进行监测分析,为加强nNIP疫苗接种服务管理提供参考。方法 从“中国免疫规划信息管理系统”提取2014—2020年nNIP疫苗接种数据,采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2014—2020年福建省nNIP疫苗共接种28 835 834剂次,人均接种剂次数为1 015剂次/万人,使用的种类从22种增加至28种。nNIP疫苗使用量、占所有疫苗接种总剂次比例、人均接种剂次数基本呈逐年递增趋势。使用量较多的品种主要有水痘减毒活疫苗(varicella attenuated live vaccine,VarV)、乙型肝炎(hepatitis B,HepB)疫苗、人用狂犬病疫苗(rabies vaccine for human use,RabV)、b型流行性感冒(流感)嗜血杆菌(haemophilus influenza type b,Hib)多糖结合疫苗、流感疫苗(influenza vaccine,InfV)、肠道病毒71型(enterovirus 71,EV71)灭活疫苗。替代率最高的3种疫苗为甲肝疫苗、A群流脑疫苗、A群C群流脑疫苗,替代率分别为22.42%、10.32%、9.89%。结论 福建省nNIP疫苗使用的种类、数量越来越多,需进一步加强监测与管理,完善接种服务。

Objective To monitor and analyze the use of non-national immunization program(nNIP) vaccines in Fujian Province from 2014 to 2020,and provide a reference for improving the management of nNIP vaccination service.Methods The nNIP vaccination data from 2014 to 2020 were extracted from the National Immunization Program Information System(NIPIS),and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method.Results From 2014 to 2020,a total of 28 835 834 doses of nNIP vaccines were administered in Fujian Province,with an average of 1 015 doses per 10 000 population,and the varieties used increased from 22 to 28.The annual administered doses of nNIP vaccine,the proportion in total doses of all vaccines and the number of vaccinations per capita basically increased year by year.The most widely used varieties mainly include varicella attenuated live vaccine(VarV),hepatitis B(HepB) vaccine,rabies vaccine(RabV) for human use,haemophilus influenza type b(Hib) polysaccharide conjugate vaccine,influenza vaccine(InfV) and enterovirus 71(EV71)inactivated vaccine.The three vaccines with the highest replacement rates were hepatitis A vaccine,group A meningococcal vaccine and group A and C meningococcal vaccine,with the replacement rates of 22.42%,10.32% and 9.89%respectively.Conclusion There are more and more types and doses of nNIP vaccines used in Fujian Province,so it is necessary to further strengthen monitoring and management and improve vaccination service.