种子际微生物研究展望

Research Progress of Spermosphere Microorganisms

种子际是围绕在种子表面,受到种子萌发影响而使微生物活性增强的狭窄土壤区域。萌发期间的种子和微生物相互影响,对种子萌发和随后的幼苗生长具有促进或抑制作用;同时也通过垂直传播参与植物根际和叶际微生物群落构建,影响植物后续发育及生物/非生物胁迫响应。尽管种子际对于植物生长发育影响很大,但由于种子萌发持续时间短、种子际的空间范围小且微生物量较小,种子际研究要比根际和叶际更为复杂。通过基因组学和多组学联合分析等方法对种子际微生物群落组成进行深入探究,有助于理解植物与土壤生态系统的相互作用和生态过程。该文综述了种子际微生物对种子生物学的影响、种子际微生物与根际和叶际微生物的关系以及相关研究方法,并展望了未来的研究方向。

The spermosphere is a narrow area of soil surrounding the seed surface where microbial activity is enhanced by seed germination processes.Interaction between seeds and microorganisms promotes or inhibits seed germination and subsequent seedling establishment,and also participates in plant rhizosphere and phyllosphere microbial community building through vertical dispersal,and finally influences subsequent plant development and biotic/abiotic stress response.Although the spermosphere has a great influence on plant growth and development,it is more complex to study than rhizosphere and phyllosphere due to the short duration of seed germination,the small spatial extent of the spermosphere,and the small amount of microorganisms involved.To explore the composition of spermosphere microbial community by genomic analysis and multi-omics joint analysis,will facilitate understanding the interactions and ecological processes between plants and soil ecosystems.In this paper,we review the influence of spermosphere microorganisms on the biological processes of seed germination,the comparative meta-genomics of spermosphere with rhizosphere and phyllosphere,and provide an outlook on future research.