聚苯乙烯/α-磷酸锆多孔材料制备及油水乳液分离研究

Preparation of Polystyrene/α⁃Zirconium Phosphate Porous Materials and Separation of Oil⁃Water Emulsion

疏水亲油性多孔材料具有处理和净化含油废水的能力。本工作通过高内相乳液模板法制备得到聚苯乙烯基多孔三维材料(P(St-E)/α-ZrP)。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、全自动压汞仪等对材料的微观结构进行表征,并对其油水分离性能进行测试分析。结果表明,层状纳米粒子α-ZrP能够稳定存在于油包水乳液的分散相中,单体聚合完成后α-ZrP均匀镶嵌在多孔材料骨架上构成粗糙界面。α-ZrP用量为单体质量的5%时,制得的多孔材料具有最佳力学性能和疏水性能,该材料对三氯甲烷的吸附倍率高达54.2。P(St-E)/α-ZrP多孔材料在尺寸筛分效应和α-ZrP电负性协同作用下能够高效分离非离子型和阳离子型油水乳液。实验制备的多孔材料有望用于含乳化油污水的净化处理,在含油废水处理中有潜在的发展前景。

Hydrophobic andlipophilic porous materials have the ability to treat and purify oil⁃bearing wastewater.In this work,polystyrene(PSt)based three⁃dimensional porous materials(P(St⁃E)/α⁃ZrP)were prepared by high internal emulsion template method.Microstructure of the prepared materials were characterized by scanning electron microscope(SEM)and automatic mercury injection instrument.Meanwhile,their oil⁃water separation performance was tested and analyzed.The results showed that layered nanoparticlesα⁃ZrP was stabilized in the dispersed phase of water in oil emulsion.After polymerization of monomers,α⁃ZrP inlayed on the skeleton of porous material to form a rough interface.The porous material had the best mechanical and hydrophobic properties with 5%α⁃ZrP incorporation.The adsorption rate of trichlormethane for P(St⁃E)/α⁃ZrP5 was as high as 54.2.P(St⁃E)/α⁃ZrP porous materials can efficiently separate non⁃ionic and cationic stabled oil⁃water emulsion because of the synergistic effects of size selecting effect and electronegativity ofα⁃ZrP.The porous materials prepared in this work are expected to be used in the purification of wastewater containing emulsified oil,and have broad development prospects in the treatment of oil⁃bearing wastewater.