燕麦乳挥发性风味物质的SPME-GC-MS解析及原料关联性研究

Analysis of Volatile Flavor Compounds in Oat Milk by SPME-GC-MS and Correlation of Raw Materials

燕麦乳作为新兴植物代乳近年来在国内外获得快速发展,燕麦乳的风味是影响产品接受度的重要因素。本文基于燕麦原料品种的差异,利用固相微萃取(SPME)-气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)技术对燕麦乳挥发性风味物质进行解析,并从中筛选出适宜的燕麦原料。结果表明:燕麦原料与其加工制品(燕麦乳)的挥发性风味化合物的种类和含量存在显著差异,燕麦原料分析出14种挥发性风味化合物,经热烫、酶解、杀菌等加工处理后的燕麦乳中检测出30种化合物。结合各化合物的香气活度值(OAV)并进行主成分分析,发现己醛、2-戊基呋喃、正辛醛、壬醛、1-辛烯-3-醇、苯甲醛等挥发性物质对燕麦乳风味的贡献值较大。4种燕麦原料中ZBY01制得的燕麦乳感官评分最高、风味最佳,从其风味化合物组成上看,己醛、1-辛烯-3-醇、2-戊基呋喃等的含量较低,且可检出庚醛、壬醇等特殊香气成分。另通过对燕麦乳感官品质的总体评价,本研究初步筛选出适宜加工纯天然燕麦乳的适宜原料—ZBY01。

As an emerging plant milk replacer,oat milk has developed rapidly in China and overseas countries in recent years,and the flavor of oat milk is an important factor affecting product acceptance.This paper was based on the differences in oat raw material varieties.The volatile flavor compounds of oat milk were identified by solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(SPME-GC-MS)technology,and suitable oat raw materials were screened out.The results indicated that there were significant differences in the kinds and contents of volatile flavor compounds in oat raw materials and its processed products(oat milk).Oat raw materials had only 14 kinds of volatile flavor compounds,whereas 30 compounds were detected in oat milk after blanching,enzymolysis,sterilization,etc.Combining the aroma activity value(OAV)of each compound and conducting principal component analysis,it was found that volatile compounds such as hexanal,2-pentylfuran,n-octanal,nonanal,1-octen-3-ol,and benzaldehyde,had a great contribution to the flavor of oat milk.In four kinds of oat raw materials,oat milk prepared from ZBY 01 had the highest sensory score and the best flavor,which should be attributed to the composition of its characteristic flavor compounds,the lower contents of adverse flavor substances,such as 1-octene-3-ol,nonanal and 2-pentylfuran,and the existing of some unique aroma components,such as heptanal and nonethanol.In addition,through the overall evaluation of the sensory quality of oat milk,this study preliminarily screened and determined that ZBY 01 can be used as a suitable raw material for processing pure natural plant-based oat milk.