衰老小胶质细胞形态功能改变在帕金森病发病机制中的研究进展

The role of altered morphology and function of senescent microglia in the pathogenesis of Parkinson disease

帕金森病(Parkinsondisease,PD)是一种衰老相关的神经退行性疾病,其发病机制尚不明确。已有研究表明小胶质细胞参与的神经炎症反应可能是PD发病的关键因素,但衰老小胶质细胞对PD发病及疾病进展的潜在影响尚未阐明。本文总结了衰老小胶质细胞在形态和功能方面的变化,并指出这些变化产生的促炎作用,分析了PD相关危险因素对小胶质细胞的衰老损害,初步探讨衰老小胶质细胞介导免疫失衡机制在PD的疾病过程中发挥的致病作用,并对靶向衰老小胶质细胞的潜在治疗手段进行简要综述。

Parkinson disease(PD)is an aging-associated neurodegenerative disease whose pathogenesis is still unclear.Compelling data indicates that microglia‐mediated neuroinflammation makes a significant contribution to the pathogenesis of PD.However,the potential impact of senescent microglia on PD pathogenesis and disease progression has been poorly characterized so far.In this review,we summarize the morphological and functional changes in senescent microglia and point out the pro-inflammatory effects of these changes,analyze the aging damage to microglia by PD-related risk factors,preliminarily explore the pathogenic role of senescent microglia-mediated immune imbalance in the disease process of PD.Finally,we briefly summarize the potential therapeutic strategy that targets senescent microglia.