综合降尘技术在综掘巷道中应用研究

Research on the Application of Comprehensive Dust Reduction Technology in Comprehensive Excavation Tunnels

以31107运输巷掘进为工程背景,采用现场实测法分析巷道掘进期间粉尘分布特征,并结合现场条件提出以提高煤层含水率、喷雾降尘为核心的降尘技术,并进行工程应用。通过在EBZ132综掘机上增设高压外喷雾系统,从而实现截割头范围全覆盖,有效抑制掘进期间粉尘外溢量;通过对掘进区域煤层进行高压注水,确保煤层含水率提升至2.8%以上,从根本上减少巷道掘进期间粉尘产生量;在掘进迎头布置除尘风机,改善迎头环境质量;在破碎机、转载机及巷道内喷雾降尘,减少并抑制粉尘外溢量。综合降尘技术现场应用后,31107掘进迎头掘进司机位置全尘、呼吸性粉尘质量浓度分别控制到29.6mg/m^(3)、11.9mg/m^(3),有效改善了巷道环境质量并取得较为显著的降尘效果。

Taking 31107 transport roadway excavation as the engineering background,the field measurement method was used to analyze the dust distribution characteristics during roadway excavation,and combined with the field conditions,the dust reduction technology focusing on im-proving the coal seam moisture content and spray dust reduction was proposed and applied in engineering.By adding a high-pressure external spray system on the EBZ132 comprehensive tunneling machine,the cutting head can be fully covered and the dust overflow during tunneling can be effec-tively suppressed;by injecting high-pressure water into the coal seams in the excavation area,the water content of the coal seams can be increased to over 2.8%,fundamentally reducing the amount of dust generated during tunnel excavation;install dust removal fans in the front of the excavation to improve the environmental quality in the front;spray in crushers,loaders and roadways to reduce and suppress dust overflow.After the on-site ap-plication of comprehensive dust reduction technology,the mass concentrations of total dust and respiratory dust at the driver’s position in the head-on excavation of 31107 were controlled to 29.6 mg/m^(3)and 11.9 mg/m^(3),respectively,effectively improving the environmental quality of the tunnel and achieving significant dust reduction effects.