从“洋场社会”到“我城意识”——论西西的中国香港城市文本书写

From a Foreign Society to the Consciousness of My City:On Xi Xi’s Urban Textual Writing in Hong Kong,China

从“洋场社会”到“我城意识”,中国香港城市文本书写发生了根本性变化。早期中国香港作家黄天石、谢晨光、侣伦、游子、华等笔下的“洋场社会”,都市女郎和都市浪子等成为英占时期香港地区欲望都市的面影和象征。张爱玲的上海、香港双城记,既延续《海上花列传》的传统,也属于“洋场社会”现代性批判的谱系。此后历经舒巷城等“都市乡土”的怀旧和刘以鬯等“商业城市”的批判,到了西西开启“我城意识”的划时代创作:如《我城》《飞毡》等人城新型关系及其现代主体的建构,《候鸟》《织巢》等上海、香港双城记聚焦家屋、织巢和人伦,西西的众多城市文本,既写出中国香港这座城市的发展变化及其身份困境,更超越中国香港创造出新颖而普遍性的城市书写范式。

From a foreign society to the consciousness of my city,urban textual writing in Hong Kong has experienced a radical change.The foreign society,with city girls and city wastrels,under the pens of such early Hong Kong writers as Huang Tianshi,Xie Chenguang,LüLun and You Zi became the face and symbol of Hong Kong as a city of desire in the UK-occupied period.The kind of a tale of two cities of Shanghai and Hong Kong,by Eileen Chang,not only carries on the tradition of The Sing-song Girls of Shanghai by Han Bangqing,but also belongs to modern critical genealogy of the foreign society.Then,it went on from Xiangcheng Shu’s nostalgia for the country in the city to the criticism of business city of Liu Yichang et al until the epoch-making writing of the consciousness of my city as opened up by Xi Xi,such as the new people-city relationship in My City and Flying Carpet:A Tale of Fertillia and the construction of their modern subject,such tales of two cities of Shanghai and Hong Kong as Birds of Passage and Knitting the Nest that focus on family homes,the knitting of nests and human relations,as well as a multitude of urban texts by Xi Xi,that not only cover the developmental change of the city of Hong Kong and its identity predicament but also transcend Hong Kong,creating a paradigm of urban writing that is new and universal.