枯草芽孢杆菌对鲫鱼机体免疫力的影响

Effect of Bacillus subtilis on the immunity of Carassius auratus organism

试验旨在研究在鲫(Carassius auratus)的饵料中添加不同水平的枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis),探究枯草芽孢杆菌对其机体免疫功能的影响。试验选择体质健康、规格均匀、体重约为5g的鲫320尾,随机分成4个处理组,每组4个重复,每个重复20尾鲫鱼。对照组鲫投喂基础饵料,试验组鲫分别投喂添加0.1%、0.2%和0.4%的枯草芽孢杆菌的基础饵料。试验鲫驯养2周后进行8周的正式试验。试验结束后,每组挑选20尾鲫采集血液,检测血清免疫指标。结果表明,与对照组相比0.2%组和0.4%组的枯草芽孢杆菌可以使鲫的血清中溶菌酶活性显著提高8.77%和8.50%(P<0.05),碱性磷酸酶活性显著提高了20.04%和23.05%(P<0.05),超氧化物歧化酶活性显著提高了9.93%和13.15%(P<0.05),丙二醛水平显著降低了27.36%和33.79%(P<0.05),过氧化氢酶活性显著提高了23.74%和30.55%(P<0.05)。综上所述,在鲫养殖中饵料中添加0.2%和0.4%的枯草芽孢杆菌可以提高鲫机体的非特异性免疫功能,且综合数据结果,在鲫的养殖中使用0.2%的枯草芽孢杆菌即可。

The experiment aimed to investigate the effect of Bacillus subtilis on the immune function of Carassius au-ratus by adding different levels of Bacillus subtilis to their baits.The test was conducted on 320 healthy,uniformly sized Carassius auratus weighing about 5g,randomly divided into 4 treatment groups with 4 replicates of 20 carp each.The control Carassius auratus were fed with basal bait and the test Carassius auratus were fed with basal bait supplemented with 0.1%,0.2%and 0.4%of Bacillus subtilis respectively.The test Carassius auratus were domes-ticated for 2 weeks and then subjected to a formal trial for 8 weeks.At the end of the trial,blood was collected from 20 Carassius auratus in each group and serum immunological parameters were tested.The results showed that Bacil-lus subtilis in the 0.2%and 0.4%groups significantly increased the serum lysozyme activity of the Carassius aura-tus by 8.77%and 8.50%(P<0.05);alkaline phosphatase activity by 20.04%and 23.05%(P<0.05);super-oxide dismutase activity by 9.93%and 13.15%(P<0.05);malondialdehyde level significantly decreased by 27.36%and 33.79%(P<0.05);catalase activity significantly increased by 23.74%and 30.55%(P<0.05).In conclusion,the addition of 0.2%and 0.4%Bacillus subtilis to the bait in Carassius auratus culture could improve the non-specific immune function of the Carassius auratus organism.According to the comprehensive data results,0.2%Bacillus subtilis can be used in Carassius auratus culture.