高熵陶瓷材料的研究进展

Research Progress of High-Entropy Ceramic Materials

高熵合金概念的提出不仅极大地丰富了金属材料体系,同时也打开了传统陶瓷材料的设计枷锁。近些年,随着高熵合金的快速发展,人们逐渐将多主元高熵化的设计思路扩展到陶瓷材料,开发设计出了一系列多主元高熵陶瓷材料。得益于其独特的结构以及与高熵合金相似的“四大效应”,高熵陶瓷材料表现出了一系列优异的力学、热学、摩擦学性能。从制备方法、结构特点和性能出发,主要介绍了高熵氧化物陶瓷、高熵碳化物陶瓷、高熵氮化物陶瓷和其他高熵碳氮化物、硼化物、硅化物、硫化物等的国内外研究进展,对不同体系表现出的性能特点做出分析与总结,最后对高熵陶瓷材料的发展前景进行了展望。

The concept of high-entropy alloy not only greatly enriches the metal material system, but also breaks the design routine of traditional ceramic material. In recent years, people are gradually extending the design concept of multi-principal and high-entropy to ceramic materials, and a series of multi-principal high-entropy ceramics have been fabricated. Thanks to its unique structure and “four effects” similar to high-entropy alloy, high-entropy ceramics exhibit a series of excellent mechanical, thermal and tribological properties. Based on the preparation methods, structural characteristics and properties, this article mainly introduced the research progress of high-entropy oxide, carbide, nitride ceramics and other high-entropy carbonitrides, borides, silicides and sulfides at home and abroad, and analyzed the specific structures and properties of those high-entropy ceramics. Finally, the development prospect of the high-entropy ceramic was also prospected.