西藏自治区18~69岁人群HBsAg阳性率及影响因素分析

Analysis of HBsAg Positive Rate and Influencing Factors Among 18-69 Years Old People in Tibet Autonomous Region

目的分析西藏自治区18~69岁人群乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)阳性率及影响因素,为今后评价乙肝疫苗免疫效果、制定干预措施提供依据。方法于2014年在西藏7个市(地)采用分层三阶段整群随机抽样方法进行抽样,对调查对象以集中或入户方式进行调查,调查内容包括基本情况、肝炎患病史、疫苗接种史,每名调查对象抽取5 ml血清标本,采用北京万泰生物药业股份有限公司生产的国产酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)对乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)进行检测,分析人群HBsAg阳性率及其影响因素。结果共调查18~69岁研究对象3670名,女性多于男性,以农牧民、小学及以下文化程度、已婚居民为主,既往乙肝疫苗接种史、病毒性肝炎患病史以不详者居多;调查对象HBsAg阳性率为16.38%;不同性别、职业、文化程度、既往HBsAg是否阳性、病毒性肝炎患病史者HBsAg阳性率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同年龄、婚姻状况、乙肝疫苗接种史的调查对象HBsAg阳性率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);Logistic回归分析显示,性别、文化程度及既往HBsAg是否阳性为影响HBsAg阳性率的主要因素。结论西藏自治区2014年18~69人群HBsAg阳性率处于较高水平,要重点关注男性、文化程度较低、既往HBsAg阳性的人群。

Objective To analyze the positive rate of hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)and its influencing factors among people aged 18-69 years in Tibet Autonomous Region,and to provide a basis for evaluating the immune effect of hepatitis B vaccine and formulating intervention measures in the future.Methods In 2014,a stratified three-stage cluster random sampling method was used to select samples in 7 cities(prefectures)in Tibet.The subjects were investigated in a centralized or household manner.The survey included basic information,history of hepatitis,and history of vaccination.5 ml serum samples were taken from each subject.The hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)was detected by domestic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)produced by Beijing Wantai Biopharmaceutical Co.,Ltd.,and the positive rate of HBsAg in the population and its influencing factors were analyzed.Results A total of 3670 subjects aged 18-69 years old were investigated,and women were more than men,mainly farmers and herdsmen,primary school and below education level,married residents.The history of hepatitis B vaccination and viral hepatitis was mostly unknown.The positive rate of HBsAg was 16.38%.There were statistically significant differences in the positive rate of HBsAg among people with different gender,occupation,education level,previous HBsAg positive or not,and history of viral hepatitis(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the positive rate of HBsAg among the respondents with different ages,marital status and history of hepatitis B vaccination(P>0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that gender,education level and previous HBsAg positive were the main factors affecting the positive rate of HBsAg.Conclusion In Tibet Autonomous Region,the HBsAg positive rate of population aged 18-69 in 2014 was at a high level,we should pay more attention to the male,low education level and previous HBsAg positive population.