经食道超声心动图在成人先天性心脏病中的应用价值

Application Value of Transesophageal Echocardiography in Adult Congenital Heart Disease

越来越多的先天性心脏病患儿可以存活到成年,且病情变得更加复杂,致使心力衰竭成为大部分40岁以后的成人先天性心脏病(ACHD)患者最主要的死亡原因。超声心动图因其便捷、安全等特点成为临床诊断先天性心脏病的首选方法,其中经食道超声心动图(TEE)可从心后面观察心内部病变,能更加清晰地获取心脏瓣膜、左心耳等结构的图像。随着超声技术的快速发展,实时三维经超声心动图(RT-3D-TEE)提升了TEE在心脏外科手术和介入手术中的地位,现已在国内外成人心脏手术中得到广泛应用。本文主要就TEE在ACHD不同封堵术和球囊扩张术患者术前、术中和术后中的应用进行综述。

More and more children with congenital heart disease can survive to adulthood,and the patient's condition becomes more complex,leading to heart failure as the main cause of death for most adult patients with congenital heart disease(ACHD)after the age of 40.Echocardiography has become the preferred method for clinical diagnosis of congenital heart disease for its convenience,safety and other characteristics.Transesophageal echocardiography(TEE)can more clearly obtain the images of heart valves,left atrial appendage and other structures by observing the internal heart lesions from the back of the heart.With the rapid development of ultrasound technology,real-time three-dimensional echocardiography(RT-3D-TEE)has improved the position of TEE in cardiac surgery and interventional surgery,and has been widely used in adult cardiac surgery at home and abroad.This paper mainly reviews the application of TEE in the patients with ACHD before,during and after different occlusions and balloon dilations.