中华漆器的色彩营造与物材重塑创新

Innovation in Color Modulation and Material Reshaping of Chinese Lacquer Art

中华先民在初识漆液惊人的粘胶力、附着力并运用在器物胎体的保护和修补之后,进一步观察到漆液所拥有的亲和力—漆液可以融入朱砂、石黄和金银等有色矿粉,创制出朱、黑、黄、绿、褐、白、金、银的多彩色漆。色漆的髹涂,打破了器物的单色与枯寂。而蚌贝珠牙金银玉石在漆液的调弄下,或点缀于器表或內生于器胎,创造出美轮美奂的艺术珍品,同时也为人世间带来了斑斓璀璨的多彩世界。而漆灰和裱布等作为改善漆器质量的辅助工艺的出现,诞生了夹纻胎、棬木胎、圈叠胎漆器。把漆液与它物融合,创制出自然世界里不存在的新型材料,使漆工艺从漆器物造向重塑材料升级转化,开辟了造物设计的新天地。8000余年来,中华漆工和他们的手艺代代相继、薪火相传,始终独领风骚,而这一切与中国是漆树的原产地和漆器的原产国有着密不可分的关系。

After the ancient Chinese discovered the excellent adhesive and adhesion properties of lacquer and used it for protecting and repairing objects,they further observed its affinity for various colored mineral powders,such as cinnabar,orpiment,gold,and silver.They created multicolored lacquer in shades of red,black,yellow,green,brown,white,gold,and silver.The application of color on lacquerware refreshed the monotonous and dull objects in the world.Furthermore,with the help oflacquer techniques,things such as pearls,shells,ivory,gold,and jade were inlaid or embedded into the lacquer surface to create magnificent and artistic treasures,which brought a colorful and splendid world to human society.The emergence of auxiliary processes to improve the quality of lacquerware,such as lacquer ash and lined cloth,gave birth to new types of lacquer objects,such as those made with the techniques of jiazhutai,juanmutai,and quandietai.By integrating lacquer with other materials,the Chinese lacquer craft was transformed from merely crafting objects to reconstructing materials,opening up new horizons for design and creation.For over 8,oo0 years,the Chinese lacquer artisans and their craft have been passed down from generation to generation,leading the world with their exquisite skills.This is directly related to China being the original homeland of lacquer trees and lacquerware.