朱熹对儒家“为己之学”的诠释及当代价值

Zhu Xi's Interpretation of Confucian"learning for oneself"and Its Contemporary Value

在朱熹的诠释之下,儒家的“为己之学”具备了较为成熟的形态。朱熹首先继承了儒家的传统,以“得之于己”解释“为己之学”,认为“为己之学”在于提升人的内在德性和人格境界,而不是去取悦于人,这是探究义理、从事学问的首要。“为己之学”强调成己成物,要求在完善自身的同时成就万物,这是一种内化于心,外化于行,心系天下苍生的德性品质。“为己之学”是圣人之学而非科举之业,这是朱熹对“为己之学”的总结和概括。“为己之学”,是成人成圣之学,而非功名利禄的事功之学,是对正确学风的倡导,是对把为学当作谋取个人利益的工具的不良学风的贬抑,对当今社会也具有积极的借鉴意义。

Under Zhu Xi's interpretation,the Confucian"learning for oneself"has a relatively mature form.Zhu Xi first inherited the Confucian tradition and explained"learming for oneself"by"getting for oneself".He believed that"learning for onesel"lies in improving people's inner morality and personality realm rather than pleasing people,which is the first priority of exploring justice and engaging in learning."Learning for oneself"emphasizes"becoming oneself"and"becoming things",which requires us to achieve all things while improving themselves.This is a kind of moral quality internalized in the heart,extermalized in the action,and concerned for the people in the world."Learning for yourself"is the study of saints rather than the work of the imperial examinations,which is Zhu Xi's summary of"learning for oneself."Learning for oneself"is the study of adult holiness,rather than the study of fame and fortune,is the advocacy of the correct style of study,the criticism of the utilitarian and vain bad style of study,is the bad style of study of taking learning as a tool for profit,and also has a positive reference significance for today's society.