2022年河南省结核病检测专业知识水平及影响因素

The level of professional knowledge of tuberculosis detection and its influencing factors in Henan,2022

目的了解河南省结核病实验室检测专业技术人员理论知识水平及影响因素,为提升结核病检测专业技术人员技能提供科学依据。方法测评对象为河南省18个地市及10个省直管县结核病实验室354名专业技术人员,2022年5月18日利用问卷星软件发放调查问卷,收集测评对象人口统计学特征及答题情况。采用多元线性回归分析测评得分影响因素。结果共收回有效问卷354份。结核病防治政策、结核病病原学基础知识、痰涂片镜检、分离培养知识、药敏技术知识、分子生物学诊断技术、实验室质量控制和生物安全得分率分别为64.00%,59.31%,80.46%,76.91%,57.25%,58.90%,69.31%,60.36%;测评平均分为(71.63±14.00)分,不同学历、职称、专业、单位级别平均得分结果显示本科及以上学历(76.41±12.88)分高于大专及以下(66.20±13.25)分,中级及以上(74.82±12.87)分高于初级及以下(70.09±14.28)分,临床医学检验专业(73.41±13.94)分高于其他专业(67.93±13.45)分,市级(78.50±13.26)分高于县级(67.73±12.89)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同机构类型实验室平均得分结果显示独立结核病防治所(独立结防所)(80.04±10.74)分、结核病定点医院(76.69±14.03)分、综合医院(71.60±13.93)分、疾病预防控制中心(疾控中心)(67.16±12.97)分,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);多元线性回归分析结果显示,影响结核病检测专业技术人员测评得分的主要因素为学历(95%CI:3.353~9.497)、机构类型(95%CI:4.662~13.600)、单位级别(95%CI:0.880~8.669)。结论河南省结防机构检测人员在结核病理论知识掌握上总体良好,但仍需要重点加强对结核病病原学基础知识、药敏检测技术及分子诊断技术知识培训学习。此外,不同学历人群、机构类型及单位级别实验室对知识掌握情况存在差异,需要精准加强对大专及以下学历与疾控中心实验室技术指导与培训,同时发挥省、市、县网络实验室职能,加强对县级结核病实验室能力水平建设。

Objective To understand the theoretical knowledge level of professional technical personnel in tuberculosis(TB)testing laboratory in Henan province,and provide scientific evidence for improving the skill level of professional technical personnel of TB testing.Methods A total of 354 professional and technical personnel from TB laboratories in 18 prefectural cities and 10 provincial directly administered counties of Henan were included as test subjects.On May 18,2022,online test was carried out with the plaform of Questionnaire Star and the test questionnaire of professional knowledge of TB test was distributed.The demographic characteristics and answers of test subjects were collected,and influencing factors of the scores of TB test professionals were analyzed by multiple linear regression.Results A total of 354 valid questionnaires were collected.The percentages of the scores for TB control policy,basic knowledge of TB etiology,sputum smear microscopy,isolation and culture knowledge,drug sensitive technology knowledge,molecular biological diagnostic technology,laboratory quality control and biosafety were 64.00%,59.31%,80.46%,76.91%,57.25%,58.9%,69.31%,60.36%,respectively.The overall average score was((71.63±14.00).The analysis results for scores with different educational background,professional position title,technical field and institution level showed that the average score for bachelor degree or above(76.41±12.88)was higher than that for college degree or below(66.20±13.25);the average score for professional positions with intermediate degree or above(74.82±12.87)was higher than that for professional positions with primary degree or below(70.09±14.28);the average score for clinical laboratory medicine(73.41±13.94)was higher than that for other technical fields(67.93±13.45),and the average score for municipal-level institutions(78.50±13.26)was higher than that for county-level institutions(67.73±12.89),and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The average scores for independent TB prevention and control centers(independent anti-TB institutions)(80.04±10.74),the designated TB hospitals(76.69±14.03),the general hospitals(71.60±13.93),and the centers for disease control and prevention(CDC)(67.16±12.97)were significantly different(P<0.05).The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the main factors influencing the assessment scores of TB testing professionals were education(95.00%CI:3.353-9.497),institution type(95.00%CI:4.662-13.600),and institution level(95.00%CI:0.880-8.669).Conclusions The testing personnel in the prevention and control institutions in Henan have a good grasp of the theoretical knowledge of TB on the whole,but they still need to strengthen the training and learning of the basic knowledge of TB etiology,drug sensitivity detection technology and molecular diagnosis technology.In addition,laboratory personnels with different educational backgrounds and types of institutions have different-level knowledge,so it is necessary to precisely strengthen technical guidance and training for laboratory personnels with college degree or below and in centers for disease control and prevention.At the same time,the function of provincial,city and county network laboratories should be played to strengthen the quality management of county-level TB laboratories.