2020-2021年河南省漯河市452例流感样病例多病原检测结果

Multiple pathogen detection results of 452 influenza-like illness in Luohe of Henan,2020-2021

目的 了解2020-2021年漯河市流感样病例(ILI)的病原谱特征,为呼吸道疾病预防工作提供数据支持。方法收集2020-2021年漯河市452例ILI样本,使用多重实时定量聚合酶链式反应法检测呼吸道病原,并对结果进行描述性分析。结果 452例ILI样本中检出20种病原,其中病毒类病原13种,非病毒类病原7种。294例样本(65.04%)检测出病原,其中混合感染150例(51.02%),流感嗜血杆菌混合其他病原感染105例,占混合感染的70.00%。检出病毒164例(36.28%),前3位为流感病毒37例(8.19%)、副流感病毒35例(7.74%)和鼻病毒28例(6.19%);非病毒235例(51.99%),前3位为流感嗜血杆菌152例(33.63%)、肺炎链球菌84例(18.58%)、铜绿假单胞菌35例(7.74%)和金黄色葡萄球菌35例(7.74%)。流感病毒、腺病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒、人偏肺病毒、鼻病毒、流感嗜血杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌等流行于冬季,肺炎支原体、肺炎链球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌等流行于夏季,肠道病毒和副流感病毒等流行于秋季。3~5岁年龄组病毒类病原检出率最高,为73例(49.66%),≥6岁年龄组非病毒类病原检出率最高,为52例(61.18%)。结论2020-2021年河南省漯河市ILI中检出的呼吸道病原种类多样,检出率最高的为流感嗜血杆菌。各病原的流行特征存在时间差异。3~5岁年龄组病更易感染病毒类呼吸道病原,应重视婴幼儿相关疫苗接种,预防呼吸道病原感染。

Objective To understand the pathogenic-spectrum characteristics of influenza like illness(ILI)in Luohe city from 2020 to 2021,and provide data support for respiratory disease prevention.Methods In total,452 samples of ILI were collected from Luohe city from 2020-2021,and multiple real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to detect respiratory pathogens.The results were analyzed descriptively.Results Of the 452 ILI samples,20 pathogens were detected,including 13 viral pathogens and 7 non-viral pathogens.Pathogens were detected in 294 samples(65.04%),including 150 samples(51.02%)with mixed infection,and 105 samples were detected to be infected with haemophilus influenzae mixed with other pathogens,accounting for 70.00%of the mixed infections.Viral pathogens were detected in 164 samples(36.28%),and the top three were influenza virus in 37 samples(8.19%),parainfluenza virus in 35 samples(7.74%)and rhinovirus in 28 samples(6.19%);nonviral pathogens were detected in 235 samples(51.99%),and the top three were haemophilus influenzae in 152 samples(33.63%),streptococcus pneumoniae in 84 samples(18.58%),pseudomonas aeruginosa in 35 samples(7.74%)and staphylococcus aureus in 35 samples(7.74%).Influenza virus,adenovirus,respiratory syncytial virus,human metapneumovirus,rhinovirus,haemophilus influenzae and pseudomonas aeruginosa were prevalent in winter;mycoplasma pneumoniae,streptococcus pneumoniae and staphylococcus aureus were prevalent in summer;enterovirus and parainfluenza virus were prevalent in autumn.The detection rate of viral pathogens in the age group of 3-5 years old was the highest,with 73 samples(49.66%).The detection rate of nonviral pathogens in the age group≥6 years old was the highest,with 52 samples(61.18%).Conclusions From 2020 to 2021,various respiratory pathogens were detected in the ILI of Luohe city,Henan province,and the highest detection rate was haemophilus influenzae.The epidemic characteristics of each pathogen were different with time.The diseases in the age group of 3-5 years old were more susceptible to viral respiratory pathogens.Attention should be paid to the vaccination of infants and young children to prevent respiratory pathogen infection.