新中国德育地位的嬗变与省思

The Reflections on the Evolution of Moral Education Status in New China

德育即育德,意指培养人的思想政治素质和道德品质的教育活动,它是全面发展教育的组成部分之一。由于德育具有较强的社会意识形态性质,它受社会政治经济的制约比较明显。随着中国社会的转型,党和国家面临不同的政治经济任务,德育地位不断演化,形成了重要地位、极高地位、淡化地位、德育首位、德育为先、立德树人等多种观点,每种观点都是中国社会特定历史时代的产物,都反映了德育为特定社会政治经济服务的性质。厘清德育概念,正确认识德育的社会制约性,辩证认识德育的价值与功能,确立“立德树人”“五育融合”是教育的本然追求。

Moral education is an educational activity to foster people's ideological and political quality and moral quality,which is a part of all-round development education.Due to its strong social ideological nature,moral education is significantly restricted by social,political and economic constraints.With the transformation of Chinese society,the Party and the country are shouldering different political and economic tasks,so the status of moral education is constantly evolving,forming a variety of viewpoints,such as important status,extremely high status,weakened status,moral education first,moral education with top priority,and cultivating people with moral education.Each point of view is a production of a particular historical period in China,reflecting the features of servicing particular social,political and economic needs.The original pursuits of education are to clarify the concept of moral education,understand the social constraints of moral education,recognize the value and function of moral education dialectically,and establish the concept of"cultivating people with moral education and integrating the five educations".