基于线结构光的三维垂线位移测量方法

A three dimension pendulum line displace measurement method based on linear structured light

垂线测量法是观测大坝变形位移的一种简便而有效的方法,在实际大坝变形监测中得到广泛应用。针对现有垂线坐标仪大多只能测量垂线二维位移且结构复杂的问题,本文提出了一种基于线结构光的三维垂线测量方法。基于垂线测量中垂线方向不变,利用线结构光测量原理实现垂线三维位移测量。首先,本文采用线结构光测量获取垂线二维位移,然后基于垂线上固定标志点的成像光线和垂线相交于一点的事实,综合垂线二维测量结果和通过相机内参数恢复的固定标志点成像光线方程,实现垂线三维位移测量。实验结果表明,本方法在水平面内Y方向上的位移测量精度为±0.1 mm,在水平面内X方向和竖直Z方向上的位移测量精度达到±0.05 mm,测量范围为0~80 mm。相较目前垂线位移测量方法,本文方法垂线位移测量精度和测量范围更高,且测量结构简单。

The vertical measurement method is simple and effective to observe the displacement of dam deformation,which has been widely used in the actual dam deformation monitoring.To solve the problem that most of the existing pendulum telecoordinometer can only measure the two-dimensional displacement of the pendulum line and the structure is complex,a 3D pendulum line measurement method based on linear structured light is proposed in this article.Based on the fact that pendulum line direction keep constant,this article uses the principle of linear structured light measurement to achieve pendulum line three-dimensional displacement measurement.Firstly,the two-dimensional displacement of the pendulum line is obtained by the linear structured light measurement.Then,based on the fact that the imaging light of the fixed mark points on the pendulum line intersects the pendulum line at one point,the threedimensional displacement measurement of the pendulum line is realized by synthesizing the two-dimensional measurement results of the pendulum line and the imaging light equation of the fixed mark points recovered by the camera internal parameters.The experimental results show that the displacement measurement accuracy of this method is±0.1 mm in the Y direction of the horizontal plane,and±0.05 mm in the X direction and Z direction of the horizontal plane,and the measuring range is 0~80 mm.Compared with the current vertical displacement measurement method,the vertical displacement measurement accuracy and measuring range are higher,and the measurement structure is simpler.