我国职业教育高质量发展的时代特征、面临挑战与未来路向

The Era Characteristics,Challenges and Future Directions of High Quality Development of Vocational Education in China

在“十四五”规划提出的高质量发展主题下,职业教育具有融合发展的演进特征、开放发展的社会特征、内涵发展的本质特征。这些特征使职业教育面临新的挑战:社会生产变革要求职业教育人才培养规格上移、能力复合;产业结构变迁要求职业教育完善体系与结构;新型城镇化进程加快要求职业教育优化功能定位;建设更高水平开放型经济新体制要求职业教育扩展服务场域。职业教育高质量发展要以深化现代职教体系建设为总体谋划,以提升人才培养质量为核心目标,以深化产教融合、科教融汇为基础动能,以加强国际交流与合作为重要渠道。

Under the theme of high-quality development proposed in the 14th Five Year Plan,vocational education has the evolutionary characteristics of integrated development,the social characteristics of open development,and the essential characteristics of connotative development.These characteristics pose new challenges to vocational education:the transformation of social production requires that the training standards of vocational education talents be shifted upwards and their abilities be compounded;the transformation of industrial structure requires the improvement of vocational education system and structure;accelerating the process of new urbanization requires optimizing the functional positioning of vocational education;the new system of high-level open economy requires vocational education to expand its service field.The high-quality development of vocational education should take deepening the construction of modern vocational education system as the overall plan,improving the quality of talent cultivation as the core goal,deepening the integration of industry and education,science and education as the basic driving force,and strengthening international exchanges and cooperation as an important channel.