内蒙古自治区部分地区规模化牛场牛冠状病毒流行病学调查

Epidemiological investigation of Bovine coronavirus in large-scale cattle farms in some areas of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

为了解内蒙古地区规模化牛场牛冠状病毒(Bovine coronavirus,BCoV)的流行情况,试验分别采用酶联免疫吸附测定(enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)和逆转录-聚合酶链反应(reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction,RT-PCR)方法对2020年采自内蒙古部分地区规模化牛场的500份血液样本的BCoV抗体和580份粪便样本的BCoV抗原进行检测,对不同地区、月龄和季节的BCoV抗体和抗原阳性率进行统计。结果表明:500份血液样本的BCoV抗体总阳性率为48.80%,其中呼和浩特市为51.50%,鄂尔多斯市为48.33%,巴彦淖尔市为45.00%;0~2月龄、3~6月龄、7~18月龄、18月龄以上牛血液样本的BCoV抗体阳性率分别为55.29%、40.00%、35.00%、52.94%;春季、夏季、秋季、冬季牛血液样本的BCoV抗体阳性率分别为67.22%、16.67%、23.75%、52.22%。580份粪便样本的BCoV抗原总阳性率为18.79%,其中呼和浩特市为16.79%,鄂尔多斯市为14.44%,巴彦淖尔市为30.00%;不同月龄牛均存在不同程度的BCoV感染,0~2月龄、3~6月龄、7~18月龄、18月龄以上牛粪便样本的BCoV抗原阳性率分别为34.42%、10.00%、11.76%、8.42%;春季、夏季、秋季、冬季牛粪便样本的BCoV抗原阳性率分别为25.94%、1.67%、15.29%、16.84%。说明内蒙古地区BCoV呈普遍流行趋势,在春季牛更易感染BCoV,0~2月龄牛更易感染BCoV,因此应做好内蒙古地区BCoV的防控工作,并加强对易感牛群BCoV的血清学、病原学监测,实时调整疫病防控措施,减少牛腹泻疾病的发生。

In order to understand the prevalence of Bovine coronavirus(BCoV)in large-scale cattle farms in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,in this experiment,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)methods were used to determine 500 bovine blood samples and 580 fecal samples respectively collected from large-scale cattle farms in some areas of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in 2020;the statistics of the positive rates of BCoV antibody and antigen by region,month of age and season was carried out.The results showed that the total positive rate of BCoV antibody in 500 blood samples was 48.80%,including 51.50%in Hohhot City,48.33%in Ordos City and 45.00%in Bayannur City.The positive rates of BCoV antibody in bovine blood samples aged 0-2 months,3-6 months,7-18 months and above 18 months were 55.29%,40.00%,35.00%and 52.94%,respectively.The positive rates of BCoV antibody in bovine blood sample in spring,summer,autumn and winter were 67.22%,16.67%,23.75%and 52.22%respectively.The overall positive rate of BCoV antigen in 580 fecal samples was 18.79%;among them,16.79%in Hohhot City,14.44%in Ordos City,and 30.00%in Bayannur City.Different degrees of BCoV infection existed in cattle of different months.The positive rates of BCoV antigen in the fecal samples of cattle aged 0-2 months,3-6 months,7-18 months and above 18 months were 34.42%,10.00%,11.76%and 8.42%,respectively.The positive rates of BCoV antigen in fecal samples in spring,summer,autumn and winter were 25.94%,1.67%,15.29%and 16.84%,respectively.The results suggested that BCoV in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region was a general epidemic trend;the cattle were more susceptible to BCoV infection in spring,and O-2 months old cattle were more susceptible to BCoV,so BCoV prevention and control in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region should be done,and the serological and etiological monitoring of BCoV in susceptible cattle should be strengthened;and epidemic prevention and control measures should be adjusted in real time to reduce the occurrence of diarrheal diseases in cattle.