日粮中添加绿茶粉对长顺绿壳蛋鸡抗氧化、脂质代谢及免疫性能的影响

Effects of adding green tea powder to the diet on antioxidation,lipid metabolism and immune performance of Changshun green shell laying hens

为了解绿茶粉对长顺绿壳蛋鸡抗氧化、脂质代谢及免疫性能的影响,试验将72只27周龄长顺绿壳蛋鸡分为4组,分别为对照(T_0)组、低剂量(T_(0.5))组、中剂量(T_(1.0))组和高剂量(T_(1.5))组,每组3个重复,每个重复6只,T_0组饲喂基础日粮,T_(0.5)、T_(1.0)和T_(1.5)组分别饲喂添加0.5%、1.0%和1.5%绿茶粉的基础日粮,预试期7 d,正试期35 d。试验最后1天采集血液,分离血清,测定血清抗氧化指标[总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)和丙二醛(MDA)]、血清脂质代谢指标[总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、游离脂肪酸(FFA)、极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(VLDL)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)]、腹脂率、免疫器官指数(脾脏指数、胸腺指数和法氏囊指数)和血清免疫指标[免疫球蛋白(Ig)A、IgG和IgM]。结果表明:与T_0组相比,T_(0.5)、T_(1.0)和T_(1.5)组血清T-AOC和SOD活性极显著升高(P<0.01),T_(1.5)组血清GSH-Px活性显著升高(P<0.05),T_(1.0)和T_(1.5)组血清MDA浓度显著降低(P<0.05),其中T_(1.5)组下降最为明显;T_(0.5)、T_(1.0)和T_(1.5)组血清TC、TG、VLDL和LDL-C浓度显著或极显著降低(P<0.05或P<0.01),其中T_(1.5)组下降最为明显;T_(0.5)、T_(1.0)和T_(1.5)组血清FFA和HDL-C浓度极显著升高(P<0.01),其中T_(1.5)组升高最为明显。各组间腹脂率和免疫器官指数均差异不显著(P≥0.05)。与T_0组相比,T_(0.5)、T_(1.0)和T_(1.5)组血清IgA、IgG和IgM质量浓度极显著增加(P<0.01),其中T_(1.5)组上升最为明显。说明在长顺绿壳蛋鸡日粮中添加绿茶粉可改善机体抗氧化、脂质代谢和免疫能力,在本试验条件下,绿茶粉添加量为1.5%时效果最好。

In order to understand the effects of green tea powder on antioxidant,lipid metabolism and immune performance of Changshun green shell laying hens,seventy-two 27-week-old Changshun green shell laying hens were divided into four groups:control group(T_(0)),low-dose group(T_(0.5)),middle-dose group(T_(1.0))and high-dose group(T_(1.5)).There were 3 replicates in each group and 6 hens in each replicate.The animals in the To group were fed a basal diet,and the animals in the T_(0.5),T_(1.0) and T_(1.5) groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with T_(0.5)%,T_(1.0)%and T_(1.5)%green tea powder,respectively.The pre-test period was 7 days,and the normal test period was 35 days.Blood was collected on the last day of the experiment;serum was separated for the determination of antioxidant indices(total antioxidant capacity[T-AOC],superoxide dismutase[SOD],glutathione peroxidase[GSH-Px]and malondialdehyde[MDA]),lipid metabolism indices(total cholesterol[TC],triglycerides[TG],free fatty acids[FFA],very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol[VLDL],low-density lipoprotein cholesterol[LDL-C]and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol[HDL-C]),abdominal fat percentage,immune organ indices(spleen index,thymus index and bursal index)and serum immune indices(immunoglobulin[Ig]A,IgG and IgM).The results showed that compared with the T_(0) group,serum T-AOC(P<0.01),SOD(P<0.01)and GSH-Px(P<0.05)was significantly increased in T_(0.5),T_(1.0) and T_(1.5) groups,and serum MDA concentration was significantly decreased in the T_(1.0) and T_(1.5) groups(P<0.05),and the decrease was the most obvious in the T_(1.5) group;serum TC,TG,VLDL and LDL-C concentrations were significantly decreased in T_(0.5),T_(1.0) and T_(1.5) groups(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and the decrease was the most obvious in the T_(1.5) group.However,serum FFA and HDL-C concentrations were highly significantly increased in T_(0.5),T_(1.0) and T_(1.5) groups(P<0.O1),and the increase was the most obvious in the T_(1.5) group.There were no significant differences in abdominal fat percentage and immune organ indexes among all groups(P≥0.05).Compared with the To group,the serum IgA,IgG and IgM mass concentrations were highly significantly increased in T_(0.5),T_(1.0) and T_(1.5) groups(P<0.01),and the increase was the most obvious in the T_(1.5) group.It indicated that the addition of green tea powder to the diets of Changshun green shell laying hens could improve the antioxidant,lipid metabolism and humoral immunity of the body,and the best effect was achieved at T_(1.5)%of green tea powder under the conditions of this experiment.