考虑客流空间分配的城轨市郊线快慢车开行比例优化

Optimization of Operation Ratio of Fast and Slow Trains on Suburban Lines Considering the Spatial Distribution of Passenger Flow

为实现城轨市郊线运能与客流最大限度的匹配,提升轨道交通服务水平,首先构建了路段广义费用函数,基于Beckmann交通平衡模型分配方法,建立乘客换乘方式选择的客流分配模型;其次,以单位时间路段客流分配矩阵为样本点,采用有序聚类分割算法,根据乘客空间分布特征,将快慢车选择相近时段划分为同一运营时段,建立快慢车开行比例及停站优化模型,实现线路上所提供的运能与客流需求最大限度的匹配;最后,通过算例分析比较优化前后快慢车开行数量和比例及停站次数,验证该优化模型的有效性。研究结果表明,综合考虑乘客时间和空间分布规律的快慢车开行方案优化模型,不仅能够减少线路全日停车次数,而且在满足乘客出行需求提升服务水平的同时降低企业运营成本。

To achieve the maximum matching between the capacity of suburban lines and passenger flow and to improve the level of rail transportation services,firstly,this paper constructed the generalized cost function of the line section.The passenger flow allocation model for passenger transfer mode selection was built based on the Beckmann traffic balance model allocation method.Secondly,taking the unit time section passenger flow distribution matrix as the sample point,the paper utilized the ordered cluster segmentation algorithm to divide the fast and slow trains into the same operation period according to the spatial distribution characteristics of passengers.Then,it built the fast and slow train operation ratio and stop optimization model to realize the maximum matching between the capacity provided on the line and the passenger flow demand.Finally,the effectiveness of the optimization model was verified by comparing the number,Operation ratio of fast and slow trains,and the number of stops before and after the optimization through the calculation example analysis.The research results show that the optimization model of fast and slow train operation schemes,which integrates passenger time and space distribution patterns,can not only reduce the number of all-day stops on the line but also improve the service level while satisfying passenger travel demand and reducing business operation costs.