城市机器人的应用与空间应对研究综述

Review of Studies on Robot Application in Urban Space and Its Response

机器人正由工厂和实验室进入城市空间,提高城市智慧治理和服务水平,缓解老龄化压力,促进城市可持续韧性发展等。城市机器人的应用已成为城市未来发展的必然趋势。与其他颠覆性技术相同,其应用也将重塑城市生活与城市空间,但既有研究缺乏对其与城市空间关系的讨论。文章界定了“城市机器人”的概念,通过对78篇WoS核心合集文献进行系统性文献综述,构建了描述城市机器人工作流程并涵盖其物理、社会、数字属性的特征分析框架;进一步基于框架总结出城市机器人的特征及六大应用领域和面临的障碍繁杂、缺乏结构规则、易产生交叉冲突等空间问题;最后,为解决其面临的空间问题同时对其行为作出一定限制,结合设计案例提出城市空间应对协调的探索性策略,以期为未来城市空间设计提供思考。

Robots are entering from factories and laboratories into the urban space,to improve its smart governance and service,alleviate the aging pressure,and promote sustainable and resilient urban development.The application of urban robots has become an inevitable trend in the future development of cities.Like other disruptive technologies,its application will reshape urban life and urban space,but the existing research lacks a discussion on its relationship with urban space.Our research defines the concept of“urban robots”and constructs a feature analysis framework to describe the workflow of urban robots,covering its physical,social,and digital attributes,through a systematic literature review of 78 WoS core collection literatures.Based on the framework,this paper further summarizes the characteristics of urban robots,six of their application areas as well as spatial problems they face such as diverse obstacles,lack of structural rules,and a high likelihood of cross interference.Finally,in order to solve the spatial problems faced by urban robots and place some limits on their behaviors,this paper,based on design cases,proposes exploratory strategies for urban space response and coordination,so as to promote thinking about future urban space design.