新兴产业区域创新一体化与地方化的关系探究——以长三角新材料产业为例

Research on the relationship between regional innovation integration and localization of emerging industries:A case study of new material industry in Yangtze River Delta

新兴产业科技创新是地区间竞争的重点领域,而区域一体化进程深刻影响着地方化的重构,区域创新一体化的快速推进会对地方化产生何种影响是经济地理学者需要回答的问题。以长三角新材料产业作为新兴产业的典型代表,本文从IncoPat专利服务网站获取发明专利数据,对2000—2017年合作研发与专利转让网络中技术创新一体化与地方化的关系进行探究,主要结论如下(:1)空间结构上,两类网络中区域一体化程度与地方网络强度的空间格局高度相关,均呈现以“合肥—南京—上海—杭州—宁波”组成的“Z”字形区域为中心的“核心-边缘”结构。(2)技术创新一体化的推进能够促进地方网络强度的提升,而一体化与地方化程度之间存在显著的“U”形关系。这一方面肯定了新兴产业领域技术创新一体化对区域整体的创新能力提升具有积极意义;另一方面说明早期的产业创新一体化中去地方化作用占据主导;但至一定程度后,高质量一体化进程能够倒逼地方新兴产业创新网络加速发展,并且一体化程度高的地区可率先发挥虹吸效应,利用外部资源推动再地方化进程。(3)新兴产业技术创新一体化进程是去地方化和再地方化交织的过程,地方借助一体化力量重塑地方产业创新网络特性成为关键。

The technological innovation of emerging industries is the key field of regional competition,the impact of the rapid development of regional innovation integration on localization is a question that economic geographers need to answer.Taking the new material industry in the Yangtze River Delta as an example,this paper obtains the data of invention patents from Incopat patent service website,and explores the relationship between regional innovation integration and localization in cooperative R&D and patent transfer network from 2000 to 2017.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)In terms of spatial structure,the degree of regional integration in the two networks is highly related to the spatial pattern of localization,and both of them present a"core periphery"structure centered on the"Z"shaped region composed of"Hefei-Nanjing-Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo".(2)The degree of regional innovation integration can promote the strength of local network,but there is a significant positive"U"relationship between integration and localization.On the one hand,it affirms that the regional innovation integration has positive significance for the improvement of regional overall innovation ability.On the other hand,it shows that the role of de-localization is dominant in the early regional innovation integration.But after a certain degree,the process of high-quality integration can force the local network to accelerate the development,and the regions with high degree of integration can take the lead in exerting the siphon effect and utilizing external resources to promote the process of re-localization.(3)The process of regional innovation integration is an interwoven process of de-localization and re-localization.It is crucial for local governments to reshape local networks and local characteristics with the help of integration forces.