2021年宜宾市中心城区鼠类感染病原体状况调查

Investigation on infection status of pathogens in rodents in central urban area of Yibin City in 2021

目的 了解宜宾市中心城区鼠类密度、鼠种构成及致病性钩端螺旋体、汉坦病毒和恙虫病东方体3种病原体在鼠体内的感染状况,为鼠传疾病防控提供科学依据。方法 采用笼夜法捕获鼠类并解剖采集其肝、肺、脾、肾脏器组织,利用实时荧光定量PCR法对病原体进行核酸检测。结果 共捕获鼠类200只,鼠密度为14.10%,鼠种仅有黄胸鼠和褐家鼠。不同生境鼠密度差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=31.45,P<0.001);3种病原体中仅致病性钩端螺旋体检出阳性,阳性率为19.00%(38/200),不同城区、鼠种、生境、性别的鼠类检出钩体阳性率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 致病性钩端螺旋体是宜宾市中心城区鼠类动物中流行的主要病原体,对当地人群具有一定的致病风险。

Objective To investigate the density,the species composition of rodent,and the infection status of pathogenic leptospira,hantavirus and Orientia tsutsugamushi in rodents in the central urban area of Yibin City,so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of rodent-borne diseases.Methods Rodents were captured with the cage trap method,and their liver,lung,spleen and kidney tissues were dissected,and the nucleic acid of pathogens was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR.Results A total of 200 rodents were captured,with the density of 14.10%.Only two species,Rattus flavipectus and Rattus norvegicus were captured.The difference of rodent density in different habitats was statistically significant(χ^(2) =31.45,P﹤0.001).Among the three pathogens,only pathogenic leptospira was detected out,with a positive rate of 19.00 %(38/200),without significant difference in the positive rodent of leptospira detected in rats of different urban areas,rodent species,habitats and genders(P0.05).Conclusion Pathogenic leptospira is the main pathogen prevalent in rodents in the central urban area of Yibin City,posing some risk to the local population.