四川省12所三级甲等医院护士薪酬公平感、薪酬满意度与职业认同对离职意愿的影响

Influence of salary fairness,salary satisfaction and professional identity on turnover intention of nurses in 12 grade-A tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province

目的 探讨薪酬公平与护士离职意愿的关系,以及薪酬满意度与职业认同在两者之间的中介作用。方法 采用横断面研究,于2021年8—10月选取四川省12所三级甲等医院683名护士为调查对象,采用一般资料调查表、薪酬公平感量表、离职意愿量表、薪酬满意度量表及职业认同量表进行调查,应用描述分析、相关分析及结构方程模型进行数据分析。结果 683名护士离职意愿得分为(14.10±2.63)分,薪酬公平感得分为(49.50±9.30)分,薪酬满意度得分为(138.10±21.38)分,职业认同得分为(95.48±14.77)分。相关分析显示,薪酬公平感与离职意愿呈负相关(r=-0.181~-0.638,均P<0.05),薪酬满意度与离职意愿呈负相关(r=-0.256~-0.628,均P<0.05),职业认同与离职意愿呈负相关(r=-0.194~-0.634,均P<0.05)。薪酬公平对护士离职意愿可通过薪酬满意度和职业认同的中介作用进行,中介作用分别为-0.087和-0.115(均P<0.05);薪酬公平感还可通过薪酬满意度,经职业认同的链式中介预测护士离职意愿,链式中介效应为-0.045(P<0.05)。结论 三级甲等医院护士离职意愿水平较高,薪酬满意度和职业认同在护士薪酬公平感与离职意愿中起链式中介作用,薪酬满意度和职业认同感提升是薪酬公平感诱发护士降低离职意愿的内在原因。

Objective To explore the relationship between salary fairness and turnover intention of nurses,and the mediating effect of salary satisfaction and professional identity between the two.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted to select 683 nurses from 12 grade-A tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province from August to October 2021.They were investigated by the general information questionnaire,salary fairness scale,turnover intention scale,salary satisfaction scale and professional identity scale.The data were analyzed by the descriptive analysis,correlation analysis and structural equation model.Results The scores of turnover intention,salary fairness,salary satisfaction and professional identity in 683 nurses were(14.10±2.63),(49.50±9.30),(138.10±21.38)and(95.48±14.77)points,respectively.The correlation analysis showed that the salary fairness was negatively correlated with turnover intention(r=-0.181--0.638,all P<0.05),the salary satisfaction was negatively correlated with turnover intention(r=-0.256--0.628,all P<0.05),and the professional identity was negatively correlated with turnover intention(r=-0.194--0.634,all P<0.05).The salary fairness affected the turnover intention of nurses through the mediating effect of salary satisfaction and professional identity,with mediating effects of-0.087 and-0.115 respectively(both P<0.05).The salary fairness predicted nurses'turnover intention through chain mediating effect of salary satisfaction and professional identity,and the chain mediating effect was-0.045(P<0.05).Conclusion The level of turnover intention of nurses ingrade-A tertiary hospitals is high,salary satisfaction and professional identity play a chain mediating role in the relationship between nurses sense of salary fairness and turnover intention,and the improvement of salary satisfaction and professional identity is the internal cause of nurse'reduced turnover intention induced by salary fairness.