高海拔地区世居塔吉克族中学生睡眠状况及与心理健康的关系研究

Study on Sleep status of middle school students of Tajik nationality living in high altitude areas and its relationship with mental health

目的 了解高海拔地区世居塔吉克族中学生睡眠状况及与心理健康间的关系,为该地区中学生保持身心健康发展提供参考。方法 2021年在新疆塔什库尔干塔吉克自治县对1 004名塔吉克族中学生进行睡眠质量及心理健康状况调查,分析两者间的关联关系。结果 高海拔地区世居塔吉克族中学生睡眠质量得分为(5.31±2.86)分,其中睡眠质量较好、一般、较差的比例分别为42.03%、37.15%和20.82%。抑郁得分为(38.94±7.46)分,其中47.11%的学生存在抑郁状况;焦虑状况得分为(35.12±7.82)分,其中27.39%的学生存在焦虑状况。睡眠质量较好、一般、较差的学生抑郁及焦虑得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。Logistic回归分析表明,女生(OR=1.54,95%CI:1.18~2.03)、吸烟(OR=1.56,95%CI:1.02~2.24)、喝酒(OR=1.69,95%CI:1.03~2.72)、睡眠质量一般(OR=1.31,95%CI:0.98~1.68)和较差者(OR=5.72,95%CI:3.97~7.84)发生抑郁的风险较高(均P<0.01),喝酒(OR=1.92,95%CI:1.18~3.15)、睡眠质量一般(OR=2.61,95%CI:1.85~3.69)和较差者(OR=10.23,95%CI:7.03~14.79)发生焦虑的风险较高(均P<0.01)。结论 高海拔地区塔吉克族中学生睡眠质量不高,且与抑郁和焦虑呈关联性,应不断改善睡眠质量以促进身心健康发展。

Objective To understand the sleep status of middle school students of Tajik nationality living in high altitude areas,explore its relationship with mental health,and provide references for middle school students in this area to maintain physical and mental health.Methods In 2021,1004 middle school students of Tajik nationality in Tashkurgan Tajik Autonomous County of Xinjiang were surveyed on sleep quality and mental health,and the relationship between the two was analyzed.Results The sleep quality scores of middle school students of Tajik nationality living in high altitude were(5.31+2.86)points,and the proportion of students with good,fair and poor sleep quality was 42.03%,37.15%and 20.82%,respectively.The depression score was(38.94±7.46)points,and 47.11%of the students had depression.The anxiety status score was(35.12±7.82)points,and 27.39%of the students had anxiety.There were statistically significant difference in depression and anxiety scores among students with good,fair and poor sleep quality(all P<0.01).The logistic regression analysis showed that students of girls(0R=1.54,95%CI:1.18-2.03),smoking(OR=1.56,95%CI:1.02-2.24),drinking(OR=1.69,95%CI:1.03-2.72),with fair sleep quality(OR=1.31,95%CI:0.98-1.68)and poor sleep quality(OR=5.72,95%CI:3.97-7.84)had a higher risk of depression(all P<0.01),while students with drinking(OR=1.92,95%CI:1.18-3.15),fair sleep quality(OR=2.61,95%CI:1.85-3.69)and poor sleep quality(OR=10.23,95%CI:7.03-14.79)had a higher risk of anxiety(all P<0.01).Conclusion The sleep quality of middle school students of Tajik nationality living in high altitude areasis not good,and it is associated with depression and anxiety,so it is necessary to continuously improve sleep quality to promote the development of physical and mental health.