胶体马达

Colloidal motor

胶体马达亦称微纳米马达、微纳米泳体或游动纳米机器人,是研究复杂系统的绝佳非平衡态物理模型,同时因其具有额外的自推进力、自主导航等独特优势,有望为靶向药物递送等生物医学应用带来颠覆性变革.作为一个新兴的多学科交叉领域,胶体马达拓展了胶体与界面化学的研究范畴,带来了新的现象、理论与应用,是以胶体科学为核心的国际前沿交叉学科研究的热点领域.本文系统地阐述了胶体马达以及基于胶体马达的超分子胶体马达和游动纳米机器人的新概念,同时以本课题组在胶体马达领域取得的研究成果为例,详细综述了胶体马达的结构设计与可控制备、驱动机理及运动行为的界面调控策略、集群行为规律与重构方法以及突破各种生物屏障实现药物主动靶向递送等方面的最新进展,在此基础上展望了胶体马达对于胶体科学发展所带来的新机遇与新挑战.

Colloidal motors,also known as micro-/nanomotor,micro-/nanoswimmers or swimming nanorobots,are the best non-equilibrium physical models for studying complex systems.Due to their unique advantages such as powerful self-propelled forces and autonomous navigation,colloidal motors are expected to bring the subversive reformation to biomedical applications such as targeted drug delivery.As a new interdisciplinary field,colloidal motor has expanded the research scope of colloid and interface chemistry and brought new phenomena,theories,and applications.It has become a hot field of the international frontier interdisciplinary research with colloidal science as the core.In this review,the new concepts of colloidal motor,supramolecular colloidal motor,and swimming nanorobot are systematically described.Meanwhile,taking the research achievements of our research group in the field of colloidal motor as an example,this review summarizes in detail the research progress of colloidal motor in the structure design and controlled fabrication,propulsion mechanism and motion control strategies based on interface modulation,collective behaviors and reconfigurable assembly,as well as the penetration of various biological barriers to achieve active drug delivery.Finally,the challenges and opportunities brought by colloidal motor to the development of colloidal science are outlooked.