清代地方民数册的记录与编辑——以四川叙永厅为例

Editing of Sichuan Population Data in the Qing Dynasty——A Case Study on Records of Population Registration in Xuyong,Sichuan Province

文章利用四川叙永厅咸丰、同治、光绪三朝民数册的各项数字,进行了总撒检验和四柱检验,并对户名进行了统计和分析,结果显示、册内数字并非逐年变化,而是呈现阶段性变更,人工编造痕迹明显。另外,厅册与省册所载数字完全无法对应,不仅挑战了民数册逐级呈报汇总的常识,而且一定程度上佐证了施坚雅关于布政使司独立编造民数的猜测。

By use of records on population registration in Xuyong,Sichuan province during the reigns of emperors Xianfeng,Tongzhi and Guangxu in the Qing Dynasty,this paper carried out the total-element test and the four-pillar test of the figures including household,male,female,and total population.The results showed that the figures in records of population registration did not change year by year,but phase by phase,and the traces of artificial compilation were obvious.In addition,the figures contained in the prefectural registers and the provincial ones could not correspond at all,which not only challenged the common sense of reporting and summarizing the population data level by level,but also confirmed to a certain extent Skinner’s speculation that the provincial administrative department independently compiled Sichuan population data.