数字经济对黄河流域生态效率的影响

The Impact of Digital Economy on the Ecological Efficiency in the Yellow River Basin

为探索黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展在数字经济方面切入的可能性,基于2011—2020年黄河流域九省(区)的面板数据,设置生态效率评价指标体系并运用基于非期望产出的SBM模型测算黄河流域各省(区)生态效率,基于新发展理念构建数字经济发展水平评价指标体系并采用熵值法计算黄河流域各省(区)数字经济发展水平,采用固定效应的空间杜宾模型探究数字经济发展对黄河流域生态效率的影响。结果表明:1)黄河流域及各省(区)生态效率在2011—2020年呈现波动上升的趋势,中游地区相对较高、下游地区次之、上游地区最低,存在显著的空间正相关性;2)数字经济发展对黄河流域生态效率具有显著的正向效应,能够促进黄河流域生态效率的提升;3)数字经济通过创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享等5个维度的发展对黄河流域生态效率产生影响,其中创新、协调、绿色、共享发展对生态效率的提升有促进作用,开放发展对生态效率的提升在短期内具有一定的抑制作用。根据数字经济各维度发展特征和黄河流域各省(区)生态效率不均衡的情况,有针对性地提出了重视技术创新、加强各省(区)之间的联系、优化数字经济开放发展方式等推动数字经济发展、提升生态效率的建议。

In order to explore the possibility of digital economy for ecological protection and high⁃quality development in the Yellow River Ba⁃sin,based on the panel data of nine provinces in the Yellow River Basin from 2011 to 2020,an ecological efficiency evaluation index system was set up and the SBM model based on unexpected output was used to calculate the ecological efficiency of provinces in the Yellow River Ba⁃sin.Based on the new development concept,a digital economy development level evaluation index system was built,and the entropy method was used to calculate the digital economy development level of each province in the Yellow River Basin.A fixed effect spatial Dobbin model was used to explore the impact of digital economy development on the ecological efficiency of the Yellow River Basin.The results indicate that a)the ecological efficiency of the Yellow River Basin and various provinces shows a fluctuating upward trend from 2011 to 2020,with a rela⁃tively high spatial correlation in the middle reaches,followed by the lower reaches,and the lowest in the upper reaches;b)The development of digital economy has a significant positive effect on the ecological efficiency of the Yellow River Basin,which can promote the improvement of ecological efficiency in the Yellow River Basin;c)The digital economy has an impact on the ecological efficiency of the Yellow River Ba⁃sin through the development of five dimensions of innovation,coordination,green,openness,and sharing.Among them,innovation,coordi⁃nation,green,and shared development have a promoting effect on the improvement of ecological efficiency,while open development has a certain inhibitory effect on the improvement of ecological efficiency in a relatively short period of time.Based on the development characteris⁃tics of various dimensions of the digital economy and the uneven ecological efficiency of various provinces in the Yellow River Basin,targe⁃ted suggestions have been put forward to promote the development of the digital economy and improve ecological efficiency,such as empha⁃sizing technological innovation,strengthening connections between provinces,and optimizing the open development mode of the digital economy.