黄河流域横向生态补偿的协同治理困境与实践路径

Synergistic Governance Dilemma and Practical Approach of Horizontal Ecological Compensation in the Yellow River Basin

黄河流域横向生态补偿制度是健全流域生态产品价值实现机制、重构区域间环境权责利关系、平衡生态保护和经济高质量发展、促进区域间协同发展的一项重要制度。结合新安江流域横向生态补偿试点经验,分析了黄河流域横向生态补偿制度建设在实践中面临的多层次协同治理困境,即生态保护和空间发展、多元补偿主体、政府补偿与市场补偿、补偿目的与补偿标的、流域层面等的协同治理困境。基于此,提出了构建纵横结合的流域生态补偿整体框架、形成多元化的横向补偿体系、致力于协同平台建设和强化制度间的系统协同等破解黄河流域横向生态补偿协同治理困境的实践路径。

The horizontal ecological compensation system in the Yellow River Basin is an important system for improving the value realization mechanism of ecological products,reconstructing the relationship between environmental rights,responsibilities and interests among regions,balancing ecological protection and high⁃quality development of economics,and promoting coordinated development among regions.Combined with the pilot experience of ecological compensation in Xin’an River between Zhejiang and Anhui,we found these dilemmas came from the coordination of ecological protection and spatial development,the integration of government control and market force,the consistency of pur⁃pose and target,and the synergy on the whole basin level.To break the barriers,we propose to construct a comprehensive framework of river basin ecological compensation that combines vertical and horizontal aspects,form a diversified horizontal compensation system,commit to the construction of collaborative platform,and strengthen the systematic coordination among institutions.