新型聚氨酯基阻燃材料的制备及性能研究

Preparation and Properties of New Polyurethane-based Flame Retardant Materials

聚氨酯泡沫(PU)的应用领域广泛,尤其在建筑装饰材料中被大量使用。聚氨酯是可燃物,遇火会燃烧,一旦着火,燃烧过程将非常快速,燃烧和分解产生大量有毒烟雾,给灭火带来困难。因此,研发具有耐火性的PU材料尤为重要。文章选用聚氨酯泡沫材料,甲基膦酸二甲酯为阻燃添加剂,通过“半预聚体法”制备了甲基膦酸二甲酯/聚氨酯泡沫材料(PU/D),该材料不仅具备传统聚氨酯材料的优良性能,且具有较好的热稳定性和阻燃性能。为其应用于建筑外墙保温材料提供了数据支撑。

Polyurethane foam(PU)is widely used,especially in building decoration materials.Polyurethane is a combustible,which will burn in case of f ire.Once it catches f ire,the combustion process will be very fast,and a large amount of toxic smoke will be generated during combustion and decomposition,which makes it diff icult to extinguish the f ire.Therefore,it is particularly important to develop f ire-resistant PU materials.The article focuses on the preparation of dimethyl methyl phosphonate/polyurethane foam(PU/D)by the“semi-prepolymer method”using polyurethane foam and dimethyl methyl phosphonate as a flame retardant additive.This material not only has the excellent properties of traditional polyurethane materials,but also has good thermal stability and flame retardant properties.It provides data support for its application in building exterior insulation materials.