临床护士产后返岗面临工作家庭冲突积极调试体验的质性研究

Actively adjustment experience of work-family conflict among returning postpartum nurses: a qualitative study

目的:探讨产后返岗护士工作家庭角色冲突感受与有效应对方式的体验,挖掘产后返岗护士面临的工作家庭冲突问题及采取的积极调试方法,为未来构建科学群体管理方案提供依据。方法:通过对文献资料的回顾,确定研究的方向和重点。采用质性研究方法,对13名产后返岗护士进行半结构式访谈。通过Colaizzi七步法进行资料的编码、分类、提炼主题。结果:产后返岗护士面临工作家庭冲突的积极调试体验可以归纳为以下4个主题:提前身心调适,协调角色适应(形体恢复、增加自信;心理支持、减轻焦虑;角色融入、早期适应);家庭事务管理,平衡时间冲突(育儿角色授权、降低自身压力;增进家庭沟通、提高家庭协作);社会家庭支持(家庭成员理解护理工作;经济和其他社会支持);组织支持(提高护理安全,降低工作压力;增加多维培训,提升应对能力;排班个性支持,满足个体需求)。结论:产后返岗护士面临工作家庭冲突问题,为保障临床护理安全,需要制定合理、有效的科学管理方案。做好产后返岗护士的评估和预沟通是应对基础,综合培训是应对产后返岗工作家庭冲突的有效手段,心理辅导和支持协助产后返岗护士应对角色冲突,进而为工作家庭角色增益提供更多的组织管理学依据。

Objective To explore post-natal nurses'experience of work-family role conflict and effective coping methods,explore post-natal nurses'work-family conflict problems and positive adjustment methods,and provide basis for building scientific group management plans in the future.Methods Through the review of the literature,the direction and focus of the research were determined.A semi-structured interview was conducted among 13 nurses who returned to work after delivery using qualitative research method.Colaizzi seven-step method is used to encode,classify and extract data.Results The actively adjustment experience of work-family conflict among returning postpartum nurses could be summarized into the following four themes:advance physical and mental adjustment,coordinate role adaptation(physical recovery,increase self-confidence;psychological support,reduce anxiety;role integration,early adaptation);family affairs management,balance time conflict(parenting role authorization,reduce self-pressure;enhance family communication,improve family collaboration);social family support(family members understand nursing work;financial support and other social support);organizational support(improve nursing safety;reduce work pressure;increase multi-dimensional training to improve coping ability;personal support for scheduling to meet individual needs).Conclusions In order to ensure the safety of clinical nursing,nurses returning to work after childbirth need to develop a reasonable and effective scientific management plan.Comprehensive training is an effective means to deal with post-natal work-family conflicts.Psychological counseling and support assist post-natal nurses to deal with role conflicts,thus providing more organizational management basis for the enhancement of work-family roles.