高铁枢纽衔接城市交通网络的动静态可达性分析

Dynamic and Static Accessibility Analysis of High-Speed Rail Hub Connecting Urban Transport Network

为定量评估出行个体从高铁枢纽到达城市各区域的难易水平,从而合理进行公共交通资源的配置优化,选取国内主要省会城市和直辖市中共31个高铁枢纽,基于互联网地图开放数据系统分析高铁枢纽衔接城市交通网络的动静态可达性,包括高铁枢纽与城市区域的公共交通换乘衔接空间特征和换乘可达性静态特征,以及小汽车和公共交通时空可达性动态特征。研究发现,多数枢纽都能通过3次及以下公共交通换乘到达70%以上的城市区域,各等级城市枢纽公共交通换乘衔接空间特征呈现出以轨道交通等大运量公共交通线网为骨干的带状向外扩散形态;高铁枢纽与城市交通网络小汽车时空可达性为外疏内密的分布格局,而公共交通时空可达性表现出明显的条形放射状;高铁枢纽与城市各区域的小汽车衔接动态时空可达性较公共交通更好,但随着出行时长的增加,两者可达性差异逐步减小。

In order to quantitatively assess the ease of accessibility of individuals traveling from highspeed rail hubs to urban areas,and to optimize the allocation of public transportation resources in a reasonable manner,31 high-speed rail hubs in major provincial capital cities and municipalities in China were selected,and the dynamic and static accessibility of high-speed rail hubs connecting the urban transport network were systematically analyzed based on the Internet Map Open Data System.It included the spatial characteristics of public transportation transfer connections and the static characteristics of public transportation transfer accessibility between high-speed rail hubs and urban areas,and the dynamic characteristics of the spatial and temporal accessibility of small cars and public transportation.The study shows that most hubs can reach more than 70%of the urban areas through three or fewer public transportation transfers,and the spatial characteristics of public transportation interchanges at all levels of urban hubs show a belt-like outward spreading pattern with a large volume public transportation network such as rail transit as the backbone;the spatial and temporal accessibility of cars in high-speed rail hubs and urban transport network is sparse on the outside and dense on the inside,while that of public transportation shows a clear strip-shaped radial pattern.The dynamic spatio-temporal accessibility of the high-speed rail hub and urban areas is better by car than by public transportation,but with the increase of travel time,the difference in accessibility between the two gradually decreases.