环境DNA宏条形码在浮游动植物多样性研究中的应用

Application of environmental DNA metabarcoding in studying biodiversity of zooplankton and phytoplankton

浮游植物和浮游动物分别是水生生态系统的初级生产者和消费者,浮游动植物的准确识别鉴定是开展水生生态学研究的基础。传统的基于物种形态特征鉴定浮游动植物费时费力,鉴定困难,也低估了物种多样性。因此,亟需一套简单、高效、准确、标准化的解决方案,用于浮游动植物多样性研究。环境DNA(Environmental DNA,eDNA)宏条形码技术已成为水生生物多样性研究的常用方法,主要被应用于鱼类物种多样性研究,近年来也逐渐被用于浮游动植物多样性研究中。本文首先介绍了eDNA宏条形码技术及其采样方法,再重点综述该技术在浮游动植物研究中的应用,以推动eDNA宏条形码技术在浮游生物多样性研究上的发展。

Phytoplankton and zooplankton are the primary producers and consumers of aquatic ecosystems,respectively.Their accurate identification is the basis for aquatic ecology research.Traditional identification of phytoplankton and zooplankton based on morphological characteristics of species is time-consuming and labor-consuming,difficulty in identification,and underestimating species diversity.Therefore,a simple,efficient,accurate and standardized solution for studying biodiversity of zooplankton and phytoplankton is very necessary.Environmental DNA(eDNA)metabarcoding technique has become a common method for studying aquatic biodiversity.It is mainly used in the studying of fish species diversity and has also been gradually used in the studying biodiversity of zooplankton and phytoplankton in recent years.This review firstly introduced the eDNA metabarcoding technique and its sampling method,and then focused on the application of this technique in the studying of biodiversity of zooplankton and phytoplankton to promote the development of eDNA metabarcoding technique in plankton diversity research.