酸枣仁不同极性部位成分含量与抗氧化活性及其相关性分析

Content and Antioxidant Activity of Components in Different Polar Parts of Semen Ziziphi Spinosae and Their Correlation Analysis

目的:以酸枣仁为研究对象,探究其不同溶剂萃取部位中化学成分含量及抗氧化活性,并分析其相关性。方法:采用水煎煮法提取酸枣仁,依次用石油醚、氯仿、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇对提取液进行萃取,分别得到水提取物(S1)、石油醚萃取物(S2)、氯仿萃取物(S3)、乙酸乙酯萃取物(S4)、正丁醇萃取物(S5)5种极性部位。应用紫外分光光度法、高效液相色谱法对不同极性部位总酚酸、总黄酮、总多糖、总皂苷、酸枣仁皂苷A及斯皮诺素等成分进行含量测定,同时应用经典体外抗氧化和H2O2细胞氧化损伤法对各极性部位抗氧化活性进行研究,并采用偏最小二乘回归法对6种化学成分与抗氧化活性之间进行相关性分析。结果:比较同一部位不同成分,在S1、S2、S3萃取部位总多糖成分含量最高,分别为(17.40±0.47)、(5.38±0.05)、(5.43±0.01)mg/g,在S4、S5萃取部位中总黄酮成分含量最高,分别为(17.49±0.47)、(23.18±0.20)mg/g。各萃取部位均具有良好的抗氧化活性,其中正丁醇萃取部位(S5)抗氧化能力最强,呈明显量效关系。相关性分析得出总皂苷(X_(2))、总多糖(X_(3))、斯皮诺素含量(X_(5))对酸枣仁发挥抗氧化能力影响较大。结论:酸枣仁正丁醇萃取部位抗氧化能力最强,起到抗氧化作用的活性成分为总皂苷、总黄酮和斯皮诺素。本研究为酸枣仁作为天然抗氧化剂和抗氧化食品的深入研究和开发利用提供理论依据。

Objective:Using Semen Ziziphi Spinosae as the research subject,the antioxidant activity and chemical composition in various solvent extraction sections were investigated,and their correlation was examined.Methods:Semen Ziziphi Spinosae was extracted by the water decoction method,the extracts were successively extracted with petroleum ether,chloroform,ethyl acetate,and n-butanol,and five polar parts were obtained,including water extract(S1),petroleum ether extract (S2), chloroform extract (S3), ethyl acetate extract (S4), and n-butanol extract (S5). The contents of total phenolic acids, total flavonoids, total polysaccharides, total saponins, jujuboside A and spinosa in different polar parts were determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry and high-performance liquid chromatography. The antioxidant activities of different polar parts were studied by classical in vitro antioxidant and H_(2)O_(2) cell oxidative damage methods. The correlation between six chemical components and antioxidant activities was analyzed by partial least squares regression. Results: Compared with other components in one part, the contents of total polysaccharides in S1, S2, S3 extraction parts were the highest, which were (17.40±0.47), (5.38±0.05) and (5.43±0.01) mg/g, respectively. The content of total flavonoids in S4 and S5 extraction parts was the highest, which were (17.49±0.47) and (23.18±0.20) mg/g, respectively. Each extraction site had good antioxidant activity, and the n-butanol extraction site (S5) had the strongest antioxidant capacity, showing a significant dose-effect relationship. Correlation analysis showed that total saponins (X_(2)), total polysaccharides (X_(3)), and spinosa content (X_(5)) had a great influence on the antioxidant capacity of Semen Ziziphi Spinosae. Conclusion: The n- butanol extract of Semen Ziziphi Spinosae had the strongest antioxidant capacity. The active ingredients with an antioxidant effect were total saponins, total flavonoids, and spinosa. This study would provide a theoretical basis for the in-depth research and development of wild Semen Ziziphi Spinosae as a natural antioxidant and antioxidant food.