从“栽手”看明清以降黔东南林业的发展——以清水江文书为中心

On the Development of Forestry in Southeastern Guizhou from the Perspective of Zaishou Since the Ming and Qing Dynasties——With a Focus on Qingshuijiang Documents

“栽手”是清水江文书之中所载专门从事林木种植和管护的技术工人,通过对他们身份、籍贯、林木种植责任和义务的综合考查,可以发现其对于黔东南地区人工营林的繁荣发展有着不可忽视的价值。“栽手”运用自己熟练的林业种植、管护等传统知识和技术,不仅促进了当地林业经济的繁盛,而且还维护了生态环境的稳定,被政府、学术界视为西南地区“绿水青山就是金山银山”的典范。故总结其间的经验教训,可以为今天民族山区的乡村振兴、生态安全提供来自历史的民间智慧。

This paper takes zaishou(planter)in the Qingshuijiang document as the research object.Through the investigation of identity,native place,responsibility of the zaishou,it's believed that the zaishou has an unnegligible role in the development of forestry in southeastern Guizhou.They not only promoted the prosperity of the forestry economy,but also maintained the stability of the local ecological environment by the application of their proficient planting technique and management.Therefore,it can provide rural vitalization in the ethnic mountainous area and ecological security with folk wisdom from history.