新世纪英国和澳大利亚国家技能战略的比较与借鉴

Comparison and Reference of the National Skills Strategies of the UK and Australia in the New Century

知识经济时代,技能人才越来越被认为是社会的宝贵资源和财富,各国纷纷从提高全民技能水平角度出发,制定技能开发政策并将其提升到国家发展战略高度。经过20多年的战略安排和制度设计,英澳两国的技能强国战略在世界范围内取得显著成效。通过梳理新世纪以来两国技能战略的演进历程,发现两国技能战略呈现出以构建终身学习、开放灵活的职业教育与培训体系为核心内容;以提高社会生产力,实现社会和谐、公平、包容为核心价值选择;以通过明确权责、合作治理、责任共担确保体系持续运作为核心举措;以发展复苏国际职业教育为最新突破口的趋同特征。同时,也为我国技能型社会建设提供以下启示:做好调查研究为战略制定奠定基石、国家顶层设计确保战略稳定衔接、社会共建提升职业教育吸引力理应成为我国技能型社会建设的题中之义。

In the era of knowledge economy,skilled talents are increasingly regarded as valuable resources and wealth of society,and international communities have formulated skills development policies and elevated them to the height of national development strategies from the perspective of improving the skill level of the whole people.After more than 20 years of strategic arrangements and institutional design,the strategies of Britain and Australia to strengthen the skills have achieved good results in the world.Taking the changes of successive British governments and the changes in the focus of vocational education in Australia as the timeline,and combining the changes in the skills strategies of the two countries in the new century,the analysis shows that the skills strategies of the two countries present the core contents of building a lifelong learning,open and flexible vocational education and training system for the whole people.To improve social productivity and achieve social harmony,fairness and inclusiveness as core value choices;the core measures are to ensure the continuous operation of the system through clear rights and responsibilities,cooperative governance and shared responsibility;the convergence feature of the latest breakthrough is the development and revival of international vocational education.At the same time,it also makes important enlightenments for the construction of China's“skill-based society”.Doing a good job in investigation and research lays the cornerstone of strategy formulation;having the top-level design of the country ensures the stable connection of strategy;and making the social co-construction enhances the attractiveness of vocational education.All of them should become the meaning of China's“skill-based society”construction.