灾害事件背景下高级实践护理的问题与对策

Problems and Suggested Solutions of Advanced Practice Nursing in Disaster Events

护士作为医疗队伍中占比最高的成员,往往是灾害管理的主力军。高级实践护士所具备的领导力、决策能力和协调能力对灾害精准护理具有重大价值,然而以往研究多聚焦于灾害专科护士、急诊或重症医学科护士,对高级实践护士关注较少。本文对灾害事件中高级实践护理现状进行梳理,剖析出高级实践护理中存在灾害教育欠佳、救援角色未明晰及执业变革难落实的问题,提出了构建全过程且多形式的灾害课程、从团队视角细化救援任务及建立高级实践护理质量安全督察机制的对策,为国内灾害护理事业的发展提供新思路。

Nurses constitute the largest component of the healthcare workforce and are often the mainstay of disaster management.The leadership,decision-making,and coordination skills that advanced practice nurses possess are of critical value for disaster precision nursing.However,previous studies mostly focused on disaster specialist nurses and emergency or critical care nurses and little attention was directed at advanced practice nurses.In this paper,we reviewed published research and summarized the current status of advanced practice nursing in disaster events.We identified through our analysis the problems in advanced practice nursing,including poor disaster education,a lack of clearlydefined rescue roles,and difficulty in the implementation of practice reform.We suggested solutions,including developing a whole-process and multi-form disaster curriculum,refining rescue tasks from a team perspective,and establishing a system of quality and safety supervision for advanced practice nursing,aiming to provide new ideas for the development of disaster nursing in China.