农村数字经济如何影响农民生活质量:机制与事实

How the Rural Digital Economy Affects the Quality of Life of Farmers:Mechanisms and Facts

如何释放数字经济潜能、更好地发挥数字经济促进农民物质和精神生活水平提高的积极作用是乡村振兴和经济高质量发展的重要任务。本文基于2011—2020年我国30个省级行政区的面板数据,测度了农村层面的数字经济和农民生活质量指数,运用固定效应模型和工具变量法实证检验了农村数字经济对农民生活质量的影响,并采用分位数回归和面板门槛模型进行异质性分析。研究表明:(1)农村数字经济能够提升农民生活质量,主要体现在促进农民生活富裕和提高农民社会福利两个方面;(2)农村产业融合和公共服务均等化是农村数字经济影响农民生活质量的重要渠道;(3)农村数字经济在农民生活质量较低的地区提升作用更强,验证了数字经济的包容性,同时农村数字经济仅在低数字鸿沟地区发挥积极影响,验证了数字鸿沟的阻碍作用。

How to unleash the potential of the digital economy and better leverage its positive role in promoting the improvement of farmers'material and spiritual living standards is an important task for rural revitalization and high-quality economic development.Based on the Panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2011 to 2020,this paper measures the rural digital economy and farmers'quality of life index,empirically tests the impact of the rural digital economy on farmers'quality of life using fixed effect models and instrumental variables estimation,and uses Quantile regression and panel threshold models to conduct heterogeneity analysis.The results have shown that:(1)the rural digital economy can improve the quality of life of farmers,mainly reflected in promoting their prosperity and improving their social welfare in two aspects.(2)Rural industrial integration and equalization of public services are important channels for the rural digital economy to affect the quality of life of farmers.(3)The rural digital economy has a stronger role in improving the quality of life of farmers in areas with lower quality of life,verifying the inclusiveness of the digital economy.At the same time,the rural digital economy only has a positive impact in areas with a low digital divide,verifying the hindering effect of the digital divide.