传统保障、养老保险与农村居民的养老担忧度

Traditional Security,Pension Insurance and Rural Residents’Concerns about Elderly Care Risks

养老担忧度是个体对养老所面临的预期困境的担心程度,是从精神生活方面衡量农村居民生活质量的重要指标。文章基于2023年全国8个省24个县3629份问卷调查数据,运用logistic回归模型实证分析传统保障、养老保险对农村居民养老担忧度的作用机理及影响效应。研究表明,72.6%的农村居民担忧自己的养老问题,农村居民的养老担忧度较高。传统保障、养老保险对农村居民的养老担忧度有显著影响。其中,健康状况越差、子女数量越少、家庭储蓄越少、社区交通越不便捷的农村居民,养老担忧度越高;年龄越大、兄弟姐妹数量越少、中西部地区的农村居民,养老担忧度越低。在养老保险层面,参保群体的养老担忧度较低,制度的公平性越高、期望值越高、满意度越高,农村居民的养老担忧度越低。因此,需要重视传统保障和养老保险的协同作用,构筑更具韧性的双重保障体系来有效应对养老风险的扰动和冲击。

Concerns about elderly care risks are an important indicator for measuring the quality of life of rural residents from the perspective of spiritual life,which is an individual level of concern about the expected difficulties faced by elderly care.The article uses a logistic regression model to empirically analyze the impact of traditional security and pension insurance on rural residents’concerns about elderly care risks based on 3629 questionnaire survey data from 24 counties in 8 provinces across China in 2023.The research results indicate that 72.6% of rural residents worrying about their own elderly care issues,which is a relatively high level of elderly care concerns.Traditional security and pension insurance have a significant impact on the elderly care concerns of rural residents.Among them,rural residents with poorer health conditions,fewer children,less household savings,and less convenient community transportation have higher levels of elderly care concerns.The older the age,the fewer the number of siblings and people in western regions have lower levels of elderly care concerns.At the level of pension insurance,the elderly care concerns of the insured group are relatively low.The higher the fairness,expectations,and satisfaction of the system,the lower the elderly care concerns of rural residents.Therefore,the alleviation of elderly care concerns among rural residents requires attention to the synergistic effect of traditional security and pension insurance,and to effectively respond to the disturbance and impact of elderly care risks by building a more resilient dual security system.