久坐、身体活动缺乏与心血管健康的研究进展

Research advances in on sedentary behavior,exercise,and cardiovascular health

久坐和身体活动缺乏是导致心肺功能下降、心血管疾病和全因死亡升高的危险因素之一,随着现代生活方式的转变,以及新冠疫情的巨大影响,越来越多的人群久坐时间增加,身体活动时间及强度降低。本篇文章综述了久坐和身体活动缺乏的负面影响,如心血管相关疾病的风险增加,线粒体功能受损及骨骼肌质量和功能受损等。减少久坐时间、增加体力活动能够改善心血管健康,适度降低餐后血糖、增加肌肉代谢功能以及增加线粒体运输功能,从而预防许多慢性疾病,尤其是心血管疾病。通过干预减少久坐时长及中断久坐行为,寻找不同人群合适的运动方式并加以干预是降低全因死亡率及心血管疾病发病率和死亡率的重要手段。

Sedentary behavior and lack of physical activity are one of the risk factors for cardiopulmonary function decline,cardiovascular diseases and increase in the all-cause death.With the change of modern lifestyle and the huge impact of the COVID-19 epidemic,more and more people have increased sitting time and decreased time and intensity of physical activity.This article reviews the negative effects of sedentary behavior and reduced exercise,such as increased risk of cardiovascular diseases,mitochondrial dysfunction,and impaired skeletal muscle quality and function.Reducing sedentary time and increasing physical activity level can improve cardiovascular health,moderately reduce postprandial blood glucose,and increase muscle metabolic function and mitochondrial transport function,thus preventing many chronic diseases,especially cardiovascular diseases.Interventions to reduce the duration and interrupt of sedentary behavior,and seeking for suitable exercise methods for different groups of people to intervene them are important approaches to reduce the all-cause mortality,and the morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular diseases.