空气压力波疗法辅助早期功能康复训练在下肢骨折术后康复中的应用

Application of air pressure wave therapy in assisting the early functional rehabilitation training on postoperative rehabilitation of lower limb fractures

目的 观察空气压力波物理疗法辅助早期康复训练对下肢骨折术后康复情况的影响。方法 本文为前瞻性研究,病例纳入时间为2020年5月至2022年10月,研究对象为南阳市第一人民医院120例下肢骨折患者,以随机数字表对入组患者进行分组,分别列为对照组和观察组,每组60例,对照组予以早期功能康复训练,观察组予以空气压力波物理疗法配合早期功能康复训练,两组治疗后均开展为期6个月的随访,比较两组患者治疗前后下肢肿痛程度、活动度,下肢血液流变学的改善情况及下肢运动功能康复情况。结果 治疗前,两组患者的下肢肿痛程度、活动度,下肢血液流变学及运动功能差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,观察组的下肢肿胀程度为(0.52±0.11)cm,下肢视觉模拟疼痛量表(VAS)评分为(3.24±1.26)分,均低于对照组(0.73±0.25)cm、(4.66±1.38)分,下肢关节活动度量表(ROM)评分为(57.33±10.25)分,高于对照组(43.66±10.21)分,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组的下肢血浆黏度为(1.41±0.26)m Pa·s,全血低切黏度为(8.33±2.25)m Pa·s,全血高切黏度为(4.11±1.02)m Pa·s,均低于对照组(2.05±0.33)m Pa·s、(9.65±2.27)m Pa·s、(5.27±1.15)m Pa·s,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在不同治疗方案下,观察组随访1个月后的Fugl-Meyer运动功能量表(FMA)评分为(25.61±5.22)分,3个月后的FMA评分为(28.77±5.16)分,6个月后的FMA评分为(31.25±5.33)分,均高于对照组(22.19±5.14)分、(25.22±5.36)分、(28.14±5.41)分,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 空气压力波结合早期功能康复训练对缓解下肢肿痛、改善关节活动度、血液流变学及下肢运动功能均有积极意义。

Objective To observe the effect of air pressure wave physical therapy in assisting the early rehabilitation training on postoperative rehabilitation of lower limb fractures.Methods It was a prospective study involving 120 patients with lower limb fractures who were treated in the Nanyang First People's Hospital from May 2020 to October 2022.The enrolled patients were randomly divided into the control group(n=60)and the observation group(n=60)using a digital random table.Patients in the control group were managed by the early functional rehabilitation training,and those in the observation group were additionally managed by air pressure wave physical therapy combined as an adjuvant therapy.Both groups were followed up for 6 months after treatment.The degree of lower limb swelling and pain,range of motion(ROM),improvement in lower limb hemorheology,and rehabilitation of lower limb motor function before and after treatment were compared between groups.Results Before treatment,there were no significant differences in the degree of lower limb swelling and pain,ROM,lower limb hemorheology,and motor function between the two groups(P>0.05).After treatment,the degree of lower limb swelling(0.52±0.11 cm VS 0.73±0.25 cm)and the Visual Analogue Scale(VAS)score of the lower limb(3.24±1.26 points VS 4.66±1.38 points)in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group,and ROM score(57.33±10.25 points VS 43.66±10.21 points)was significantly higher(all P<0.05).After treatment,the plasma viscosity(1.41±0.26 mPa·s VS 2.05±0.33 mPa·s),whole blood low-shear viscosity(8.33±2.25 mPa·sVS 9.65±2.27 mPa·s)and whole blood high-shear viscosity(4.11±1.02 mPa·s VS 5.27±1.15 mPa·s)of the lower limb in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(all P<0.05).Under different treatment regimens,the Fugl-Meyer Assessment(FMA)scores at 1(25.61±5.22 points VS 22.19±5.14 points),3(28.77±5.16 points VS 25.22±5.36 points)and 6 months(31.25±5.33 points VS 28.14±5.41 points)were significantly higher in the observation group than those in the control group(all P<0.05).Conclusion The combination of air pressure waves and early functional rehabilitation training has positive significances in alleviating lower limb swelling and pain,improving joint mobility,hemorheology,and lower limb motor function.