医用聚乳酸材料性能及加工方法研究进展

Progress of Properties and Processing Methods of Medical Poly(lactic acid)Materials

与天然降解高分子材料相比,人工合成高分子材料具有更好的力学性能、可控的降解性能及良好的生物相容性,因此广泛用于生物材料制品。聚乳酸是研究最多的人工合成高分子材料之一。文中围绕医用聚乳酸材料的性能及加工方法,首先介绍了聚乳酸体内降解规律及生物安全性的研究现状,其次综述了组织工程支架领域多种加工方法(熔融沉积3D打印、静电纺丝、气体发泡、相分离、冷冻干燥等)的技术特点,并概述了药物传输微球常用加工方法(喷雾干燥法、溶剂挥发法、其他方法)的研究进展,最后对聚乳酸材料性质、加工方法及在生物医学领域的应用前景进行了展望。

Compared with natural degradable polymer materials,synthetic polymer materials have better mechanical properties,controllable degradation performance,and good biocompatibility,so they are widely used in biomaterial products.Poly(lactic acid)(PLA)is one of the most studied synthetic polymer materials.In this review,focusing on the properties and processing methods of PLA,in vivo degradation law and biosafety of PLA were firstly introduced.Then,the characteristics of various processing methods of PLA tissue engineering scaffolds,including fused deposition modelling,gas foaming,phase separation,freeze drying and electrospinning,were reviewed.The common processing methods of drug delivery microspheres,such as spraying drying and solvent evaporation,were also summarized.Finally,the properties,processing methods and application prospect of PLA in biomedical field were prospected.