吉林省中小学教室采光照明对学生近视的影响

Association of natural and artificial lighting in classrooms with myopia prevalence in primary and secondary students in Jilin Province

目的了解吉林省中小学生的近视现状与中小学的教室采光照明情况,分析不同学校类型和城乡分类下学生近视和教室采光照明的差异以及教室采光照明对学生近视的影响。方法选取吉林省12个市、管委会、县的125所学校,47175名学生进行调查,使用SPSS 25.0软件进行描述性分析和χ^(2)检验。结果不同学校类型和城乡类别在学生近视率上的差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)=7382.6,P<0.001),部分教室采光照明指标的差异在变量分类上具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=378.3,P<0.001),且教室采光照明指标的合格间数会对该校学生的近视率有显著影响。结论应当改善中小学教室的采光照明情况,从而降低学生的近视率。

Objective To understand the current situation of myopia in primary and secondary students and the natural and artificial lighting situation in classrooms in these schools in Jilin,then to analyze the association of natural and artificial lighting with myopia prevalence by school type and living area(urban or rural),and the overall effect of natural and artifi⁃cial lighting on myopia prevalence in the students.Methods A survey was conducted with 47175 students from 125 schools selected from 12 areas(including counties,Jilin Changbai Mountain Protection Development Management Commit⁃tee,and cities)of Jilin Province.SPSS 25.0 was used to perform descriptive analysis and chi-square test.Results There were statistically significant differences in the prevalence of myopia in students in different types of schools(χ^(2)=7382.6,P<0.001).The prevalence of myopia differed significantly between urban and rural students(χ^(2)=7382.6,P<0.001).The variable categories of natural and artificial lighting indicators in some classrooms were statistically significant different(χ^(2)=378.3,P<0.001).The number of classrooms with eligible natural and artificial lighting indicators in each school signifi⁃cantly contributed to the differences in myopia prevalence among students in the school.Conclusion It is recommended to improve the natural and artificial lighting in classrooms to reduce the prevalence of myopia among students in primary and secondary schools.