美国服刑父母儿童抚养费支付及社会复归情况研究

A Study on Child Maintenance Payment and Social Return of Parents in Prison in the United States

美国服刑人员获释后,其生存、发展权面临着来自工作、家庭的双重压力,应有的权利保障难以实现。现有的社会政策对服刑人员尤其是背负儿童抚养费债务的服刑父母的就业状况、贫困率产生了直接影响。他们在复归社会的过程中,面临独特的经济、家庭和法律挑战。现有研究大多将儿童支持和刑事司法作为两个独立的系统分别予以考察,但对二者之间的联系以及它们的重叠轨迹知之甚少。政府应将儿童支持体系纳入司法改革体系中进行整体考察,并从政策改革的角度提出减轻服刑父母负担并防止再犯、弥补相关执行措施缺陷的建议,为减少此类父母复归社会过程中所遇到的障碍提供帮助。

After the release of American prisoners,they are faced with the dual pressure from work and family,and it is difficult to realize the protection of their rights to survival and development.The existing social policies have a direct impact on the employment and poverty rates of prisoners,especially parents with child support debts.After the release of American prisoners,they are faced with the unique economic,family and legal challenges.Most of the existing research examines child support and criminal justice as separate systems,but little is known about their connections and their overlapping trajectories.The government should incorporate the child support system into the judicial reform system for an overall investigation,and from the perspective of policy reform,put forward suggestions to reduce the burden of parents serving sentences and prevent recidivism and make up for the shortcomings of relevant implementation measures,so as to provide help for the obstacles encountered by such parents in the process of returning to society.