中国国家大学科技园创新孵化效率的地区和技术差距研究

Regional and technological gaps of innovation incubation efficiency in China’s national university science parks

如何衡量和提高国家大学科技园的创新孵化效率是当前国家大学科技园发展过程中亟待解决的难题。文章基于全国27个省(区、市)的国家大学科技园数据,采用Meta-frontier CCR模型和Malmquist生产率指数法,对中国国家大学科技园创新孵化效率进行了系统的实证研究。研究结果表明:我国国家大学科技园创新孵化效率整体前景良好,但各地区内部差异化、发展不平衡问题较为严重;技术差距比(TGR)衡量的技术差距结果显示,东部和西部地区的国家大学科技园技术差距比相对稳定,逐渐趋向于1,中部和东北部地区则波动较大;动态分解结果表明,东部地区国家大学科技园创新孵化效率提升的动力来自技术效率,其余地区则主要由规模效率主导。

How to measure and improve the innovation incubation efficiency of national university science parks is an urgent problem to be solved in the development of national university science parks.Based on the data of national university science parks from 27 provinces,this paper uses the Meta-frontier CCR model and Malmquist index approach to conduct a systematic empirical study on the innovation incubation efficiency of university science parks in China.The results show that the overall prospect of innovation incubation efficiency in national university science parks is good,but the problems of internal differentiation and imbalanced devel-opment in different regions are serious.The results of technology gap ratio(TGR)measurement show that the TGR of national university science parks in eastern and western regions is relatively stable and gradually ap-proaches 1,while the TGR fluctuates greatly in central and northeastern regions.The dynamic decomposition results show that the improvement of innovation incubation efficiency in national university science parks in eastern China is driven by technical efficiency,while in other regions it is mainly driven by scale efficiency.