铝基复合材料激光粉末床熔化增材制造研究现状

Research Status of Aluminum Matrix Composites Prepared by Laser Powder Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturing

采用激光粉末床熔化技术制备铝基复合材料在航空航天、军工、交通运输等领域显示出了深远的研究前景,向铝合金引入纳米增强体的种类、引入方式以及含量对铝合金可打印性、组织、力学性能产生的影响是学者们的关注热点。本文主要总结分析了TiB2、石墨烯、TiC纳米增强体对激光粉末床熔化技术制备铝合金的晶粒形态、晶粒尺寸、相对密度、可打印性和力学性能的影响,进行了不同纳米增强体对打印态铝合金力学性能影响的对比,分析得出以TiB2为代表的纳米增强体能够提升打印态铝合金的强度、塑性,使其具有良好的综合力学性能,最后提出了该研究领域在未来的进一步发展趋势。

Aluminum matrix composites prepared by laser powder bed fusion technology show profound research prospects in aerospace,military,transportation and other fields.The effects of the nano-reinforcement types,the methods of adding nano-reinforcements into aluminum alloys and the nano-reinforcement content on the printability,structure and mechanical properties of aluminum alloys are the main focus of researchers.This paper mainly summarized and analysed the effects of TiB2,graphene and TiC nano-reinforcements on the grain morphology,grain size,relative density,printability,and mechanical properties of aluminum alloys prepared by laser powder bed fusion technology while providing a comparison of the effects of different nano-reinforcements on the mechanical properties of the as-built aluminum alloys.Analysis shows that the nano-reinforcements represented by TiB2 can improve the strength and plasticity of the as-built aluminum alloys,resulting in a good comprehensive mechanical performance effect.Finally,this paper proposes further development trends for this research field in the future.